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82 Terms
1
asteroid belt
The ________ is in between Mars and Jupiter and is represented by all the little dots in the picture.
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Precipitation
________- is any form of water that falls back to the surface.
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3
Ptolemy
________ was an astronomer and mathematician.
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4
Nuclear power
________ is also considered a source of nonrenewable energy.
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5
Chesapeake Bay
The ________ is an estuary where fresh and saltwater meet and are mixed by tides.
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6
Abiotic factors
________ determine ecosystem type and its distribution of plants and animals as well as the usage of land by people.
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7
Thermal
________ and radiant energy can be converted into mechanical energy, chemical energy, and electrical energy and back again.
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8
Hydrogen
________ is also called an energy carrier.
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9
metal core
A(n) ________ a solid middle layer and a rocky outer layer are the three main parts of the Geosphere.
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10
mesosphere
The ________: Above the stratosphere, a drop in temperature marks the beginning of this layer.
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11
Galileo
________ devised a telescope that could enlarge objects up to 20 times.
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12
thermal energy
Water can absorb ________ without showing relatively large temperature changes.
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13
Phases
________ are caused by the motions of the moon around the Earth.
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14
Wind Speed Wind speed
________ can be measured with an anemometer.
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15
Non frozen
________, freshwater makes up less than 1 percent of the water on Earth.
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16
Hydrocarbons
________ are chemical compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen atoms.
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17
Seasons
________ are caused by a combination of the tilt of the Earth on its axis, the curvature of the Earths surface (Revolution), and, thus, the angle at which sunlight strikes the surface of Earth during its annual revolution around the sun.
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18
Humidity
________ is the measure of the amount of water vapor in the air.
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19
vacuum
A(n) ________ is a place that is empty of all matter.
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20
outermost layer
Atmosphere: ________ is a mixture of gases (mostly nitrogen and oxygen) It contains the Earths weather and is the foundation for different climates around the world.
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21
Copernicus
________ came up with a radical way of looking at the Universe.
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22
Fossil fuels
________- are energy- rich substances formed from the remains of organisms.
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23
Humans
________ greatly affect the air, water, land, and life on Earth through the decisions they make each day.
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24
Estuaries
________ perform important functions, such as providing habitat for many organisms and serving as nurseries for their young.
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25
Wetlands
________ form the transition zone between dry land and bodies of water such as rivers, lakes, or bays.
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26
hygrometer
A(n) ________ is an instrument to measure the amount of moisture in the air or humidity.
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27
Biosphere
________: All parts of the earth that contain living organisms make up the ________.
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28
Eutrophication
________- the process of nutrients building up in a lake over time.
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29
Gravity
________ is a force that keeps the planets in motion around the sun.
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30
Altitude
________- or elevation is the distance above sea level.
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31
Fuel
________ is a substance that provides energy such as heat light motion or electricity.
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32
Oxygen
________: This is the second most abundant gas in the atmosphere and makes up about 21 % of the volume.
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33
ends of spokes
It has 3 or 4 cups mounted at the ________ that spin on an axle.
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34
Dew point
________: The temperature at which condensation begins and forms droplets.
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35
carbon dioxide
Plants must have ________ to produce food.
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36
contiguous United States
It is the largest estuary in the ________ and one of the most productive.
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37
Meteors
________: A streak of light produced when a small object burns up as it enters the Earths atmosphere.
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38
earth system
The ________ has four main spheres they are the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the Geosphere, and the Biosphere.
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39
Cumulus Look
________ like cotton /puffy clouds and usually indicate fair weather.
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40
Aristotle
________ was sometimes called the grandfather of science.
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41
Clouds
________ are important indicators of atmospheric conditions.
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42
barometer
A(n) ________ is an instrument that is used to measure air pressure.
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43
Tides
________ are the result of the gravitational pull of the moon and sun on the surface waters of Earth.
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44
Potential energy
________ is not in use and is available to do work.
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45
Stratus Clouds
________- usually form in flat layers and typically cover all or most of the sky and are dull, and gray.
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46
Moon
The solar system consists of the Sun, ________, Earth, other planets and their ________, meteors, asteroids, and comets.
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47
atmosphere
The ________ is made up of layers (troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere) that have distinct characteristics.
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48
Troposphere
________- the layer of the atmosphere in which Earths weather occurs.
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49
Nitrogen
________ makes up the largest proportion of air.
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50
Coal
________ is the most plentiful fossil fuel in the United States.
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51
Atmosphere
outermost layer is a mixture of gases(mostly nitrogen and oxygen) It contains the Earths weather and is the foundation for different climates around the world
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52
Geosphere
Nearly all the earths mass is found in the earths solid rocks and metals
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53
Hydrosphere
The Hydrosphere contains all of the Earths water
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54
Biosphere
All parts of the earth that contain living organisms make up the biosphere
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55
Electromagnetic Energy
in the form of energy that travels through space in waves
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56
Chemical energy
is potential energy stored in chemical bonds
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57
Energy Transformation
is the change of energy from one form to another
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58
Oil
Oil is a thick, black, liquid fossil fuel
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59
Solar Energy
Solar energy is energy from the sun
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60
Passive Solar Heating
in passive solar system sunlight converts into heat or thermal energy
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61
Biomass Fuels
Biomass fuels are made from living things
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62
Water Cycle
In the water cycle, water vapor enters the atmosphere by evaporation from the oceans and vapor enters the atmosphere by evaporation from the oceans and other bodies of water and leaves by condensation
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Oxygen
This is the second most abundant gas in the atmosphere and makes up about 21% of the volume
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Carbon Dioxide
Makes up much less than 1% of the atmosphere but is essential to life
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65
Troposphere
the layer of the atmosphere in which Earths weather occurs
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66
Stratosphere
The stratosphere extends from the top of the troposphere to about 50 km above the Earths surface
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The mesosphere
Above the stratosphere, a drop in temperature marks the beginning of this layer
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Thermosphere
This is the outermost layer of the Earths atmosphere that extends from about 80 km above the Earths surface with no outward limit going into space
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69
- Wind chill factor
Wind chill factor measures the increased cooling that wind can cause in the atmosphere
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70
Local Winds
the unequal heating of the Earths surface within a small area causes local wind
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71
The Atmosphere
Weather is the condition of Earths atmosphere at a particular time and place
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72
Clouds
How do clouds form
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73
Dew point
The temperature at which condensation begins and forms droplets
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74
Cirrus
They look wispy, and feathery, and form at high altitudes
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75
Precipitation
is any form of water that falls back to the surface
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76
Fossil fuels
are energy-rich substances formed from the remains of organisms
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77
Virginia Watersheds
Many rivers crisscross Virginia leaving a wealth of watersheds
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78
Divides
A divide is a ridge of land that separates one watershed from another
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79
Meteors
A streak of light produced when a small object burns up as it enters the Earths atmosphere
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80
Comets
A comet is a cold mixture of dust and ice that gives up a long trail of light as it approaches the sun
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81
Planets
A planet is an object that orbits the sun, is large enough to have become rounded by its gravity, and has cleared the area of its orbit
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82
Eutrophication
the process of nutrients building up in a lake over time