Anatomy 1 M4 Hip, Thigh, Leg, Foot OINAs

Superficial Gluteal Region

Gluteus Maximus

• Origin: Posterior ilium, sacrum, coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament

• Insertion: iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity

• Innervation: inferior gluteal N. (L5-S2)

• Action: Hip extension and ER

Superficial Gluteal Region

Gluteus Medius

• Origin: Posterior ilium (between ant. & posterior gluteal lines)

• Insertion: Greater trochanter (lateral surface)

• Innervation: Super Gluteal N. (L5-S1)

• Action: Hip Abduction; stabilizes pelvis in single leg stance. Anterior fibers: flexion & IR; posterior fibers: extension & ER

Superficial Gluteal Region

Gluteal Minimus

• ORIGIN: Posterior ilium (between ant. & inferior gluteal lines)

• INSERTION: Greater trochanter (anterior surface

• INNERVATION: Superior Gluteal N. (L5-S1)

• ACTION: Same as gluteal medius, Hip Abduction / pelvic stabilizer

Superficial Gluteal Region

Tensor Fasciae Latae

• ORIGIN: ASIS & anterior iliac crest

• INSERTION: iliotibial tract

• INNERVATION: Superior Gluteal N. (L5-S1)

• ACTION: Hip flexion, abduction & IR

• Deep Gluteal Region

Piriformis

• ORIGIN: Sacrum & sacrotuberous ligament (anterior surface)

• INSERTION: Greater trochanter (superior border / apex)

• INNERVATION: N. To Piriformis (S1-2)

• ACTION: Hip ER & abduction, stabilizes hip joint

Deep Gluteal Region

Obturator Internus

• ORIGIN: Obturator membrane (pelvic surface)

• INSERTION: Greater trochanter (medial surface)

• INNERVATION: N. To Obturator Internus (L5-S1)

• ACTION: Hip ER & abduction, stabilizes hip joint

Deep Gluteal Region

Superior Gemelli

• ORIGIN: Ishial Spine

• INSERTION: Greater trochanter (medial surface)

• INNERVATION: N. To Obturator Internus (L5-S1)

• ACTION: Hip ER & abduction, stabilizes hip joint

Deep Gluteal Region

Inferior Gemelli

• O: Ischial tuberosity

• I: Greater trochanter (medial surface)

• N: N. To Quadratus Femoris (L5-S1)

• A: Hip ER & abduction, stabilizes hip joint

Deep Gluteal Region

Quadratus Femoris

• O: Lateral border of ischial tuberosity

• I: Quadrate tubercle

• N: N. To Quadratus Femoris (L5- S1)

• A: Hip ER, stabilizes hip joint

Posterior Thigh

Semimembranosus

• O: Ischial tuberosity

• I: Medial tibial condyle (posterior aspect)

• N: Tibial N. (L5-S2)

• A: Hip extension & IR; knee flexion & tibial IR

• Posterior Thigh

Semitendinosus

• O: Ischial tuberosity

• I: Medial proximal tibia (part of pes anserinus)

• N: Tibial N. (L5-S2)

• A: Hip extension & IR; knee flexion & tibial IR

Posterior Thigh

Biceps Femoris

• O: Ischial tuberosity (long head) ; Linea aspera & supracondylar line (short head)

• I: Fibular head (lateral aspect)

• N:

  Long head: Tibial N. (L5-S2)

  Short head: Fibular N. (L5-S2)

• A:

  Long head: hip extension & ER

  combined: knee flexion & tibial ER

Anterior Thigh

Sartorius

• O: ASIS

• I: Medial proximal tibia (part of pea anserinus)

• N: Femoral N. (L2-3)

• A: Hip flexion, abduction, ER ; knee flexion, tibial IR

Anterior Thigh

Rectus Femoris

• O: AIIS

• I: quadriceps tendon → patella → medial/lateral patellar retinaculum → indirectly to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

• N: Femoral N. (L2-4)

• A: Hip flexion & knee extension (only quad that crosses the hip)

Anterior Thigh

Vastus Lateralis

• O: greater trochanter & lateral lip of linea aspera

• I: quadriceps tendon → patella → medial/lateral patellar retinaculum → indirectly to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

• N: Femoral N. (L2-4)

• A: Knee extension

Anterior Thigh

Vastus Medialis

O: Interchanteric line & medial lip of linea aspera

I: quadriceps tendon → patella → medial/lateral patellar retinaculum → indirectly to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

N: Femoral N. (L2-4)

A: Knee extension

Anterior Thigh

Vastus Intermedius

• O: Femoral shaft (anterolalateral surface)

• I: quadriceps tendon → patella → medial/lateral patellar retinaculum → indirectly to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

• N: Femoral N. (L2-4)

• A: Knee extension

Anterior Thigh

Articularis Genu

• O: Femoral shaft (anteroinferior surface)

• I: Suprapatellar recess

• N: Femoral N. (L2-4)

• A: Draws capsule superiorly, prevents capsular entrapment with extension

Medial Thigh

Pectineus

• O: Superior pubic ramus

• I: Pectineal line (inferior to lesser trochanter)

• N: Femoral N (L2-3) & Obturator N. (L2-3)

• A: Hip ADDuction, flexion, IR

Medial Thigh

Adductor Magnus

• O:

  Adductor part: inferior pubic & ischial rami

  Hamstring part: Ischial tuberosity

• I:

  Adductor: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, supracondylar line

  Hamstring: adductor tubercle

• N:

  Adductor: Obturator N. (L2-4)

  Hamstring: Tibial N. (L4)

• A:

  Adductor portion: hip ADDuction & flexion

  Hamstring portion: hip extension (dual- action muscle)

Medial Thigh

Adductor Longus

• O: Pubic body (inferior to pubic crest)

• I: Linea aspera (middle third)

• N: Obtur