ORGO 4.3 vocab

isomers

different compounds that share sm molecular formula

constitutional isomers

hv same molecular formula but diff structural arrangments

alkane

type of hydrocarbon

substituate

branches connected to parent chain

IUPAC rules

guidlines for naming chemical compounds 2 avoid confusion

what happens when molecules increase in size

consitutional isomer’s have more possibility for structual arrangements

what is the parent name of methane

meth

how many carbon does methane have

1

what is the parent name of ethane

eth

what is the parent name of propane

prop

what is the parent name of butane

but

what is the parent name of pentane

pent

what is the parent name of hexane

hex

what is the parent name of heptane

hept

what is the parent name of octane

oct

ethane # of carbon

2

propane # of carbon

3

butane # of carbon

4

pentane # of carbon

5

hexane # of carbon

6

heptane # of carbon

7

octane # of carbon

8

# of carbon for dodecyl/lauryl

12

# of carbon for tetradecyl/myristyl

14

# of carbon for hexadecyl/polmityl

16

# of carbon for octadecyl/stearyl

18

# of carbon for eicosyl/arachidy

20

whats special abt octadecyl/stearyl,hexadecyl/polmityl

are fatty acids in cell membrane

what is the general formula for alkanes

C n H 2n+2

what are alkyl pieces

specific piece of alkane structure that is being focused on (substituients of parent chain)

what prefix is used of alkyl pieces

-yl