TFN - History of Nursing Theory

Theory

A set of statements that describes, explains, or predicts relationships among concepts.

Observation
Experimentation
Reasoning

Theory is based on____, _____, and _____.

Accepted Knowledge

A theory is an organized system of what?

Observed Phenomena

What does a theory explain?

A construct that organizes or explains phenomena

Theory, according to Barnum (1998) is….

Nursing Theory

A body of knowledge that describes or explains nursing and supports nursing practice.

Nursing Theory

An organized and systematic set of statements related to nursing.

To describe, explain, predict, and prescribe nursing phenomena.

What are the 4 purpose of nursing theory?

Concepts

A theory interrelates _____.

Logical

A theory is what in nature?

Testable Hypotheses

A theory serves as the basis for ______.

Research
Validates

Theory contributes to knowledge through ____ that ____ it.

Validated theories
Laws
Principles.

A theory should always be consistent with ___, ___, and ___.

Concepts
Definitions
Assumption
Phenomenon

These are the 4 components of a theory.

Concept

Interrelated ideas that describe or label phenomena.

Conservation
Adaptation
Wholeness

These are the three major concepts of Levine's Conservation Model

King's Goal Attainment

Personal systems, interpersonal systems, and social systems are the three major concepts of whose theory?

Conservation

Keeping together the life system

Wholeness

Maintaining integrity through adaptation to the environment

Adaptation

An ongoing process of change while maintaining integrity

Personal systems

Individual person in King's Goal Attainment Theory

Interpersonal systems

Two or more people interacting in King's Goal Attainment Theory

Social systems

Large groups with common interests or goals in King's Goal Attainment Theory

Assumptions

Statements accepted as factual that describe or connect concepts.

"Taken-for-granted" statements

Assumptions are considered as…

Concepts
Definition
Purpose
Relationship
Structure

Assumptions determines the nature of ___, ___, ___, ___, and ___ of a theory.

Wholeness

Based on Levine’s assumptions, individuals continuously defend their what?

Adaptation

It is an ongoing process of change

Nursing

It is human interaction

Conservation principles

Nurse promotes wellness through what?

Phenomenon

An aspect of reality that can be consciously sensed or experienced

Phenomena
Care

Nursing Theory focuses on nursing ___, and nursing ___.

Caring
Self-care
Client responses to stress

These are 3 examples of nursing phenomena

Person
Nursing
Health
Environment

These are the 4 phenomena in Levine’s Model

Social Systems
Health
Perception
Interpersonal Relationships

These are the 4 phenomena in King’s Theory

Metatheories

Theories about other theories

Grand Theories

____ ____ are broad, abstract, and complex

Structural Framework

The purpose of grand theories in nursing is to provide what?

Middle Range Theories

a type of theory that has less abstract with limited scope

Specific nursing phenomena or concepts

Middle Range Theories addresses what?

This is what middle range theories

Descriptive Theory

This theory is at the first level of theory development

Descriptive Theory

The purpose of this theory is to describe all about phenomena

Growth and Development Theories

These are 2 types of descriptive theories

Prescriptive Theories

This theory is action oriented

Nursing

Prescriptive Theories is about

Discipline

A branch of education or body of knowledge in nursing

Profession

A specialized field of practice based on the discipline's knowledge and skills

Henderson
Nightingale

Early nursing theorists recognized…

Fawcett

Who introduced the nursing metaparadigm?

7

According to Bixler & Bixler (1959), a profession has how many characteristics?

Reasoning
Critical thinking
Decision making

Nursing Theory helps in which areas?

Patient Perspective

Nursing theory provides

Nursing Practice

Nursing theory gives direction for what?

Comprehensive

Conceptual Models are what?

Clarity

Analysis Question for evaluating a theory: How clear is the theory?

Simplicity

Analysis Question for evaluating a theory: How simple is the theory?

Generality

Analysis Question for evaluating a theory: How general is the theory?

Accessibility

Analysis Question for evaluating a theory: How accessible is the theory?

Importance

Analysis Question for evaluating a theory: How important is the theory?

Metatheories
Grand Theories
Middle Range Theories
Descriptive Theories
Prescriptive Theories

These are the 5 types of theories