krod literary elements

Synecdoche

substitutes PART of the whole FOR the whole

ie. "all eyes on me"

Chiasmus

To switch position of words; concepts repeated in reverse order

ie. "Ask not what your country can do for YOU, but what YOU can do for your country"

Metonymy

using something CLOSELY ASSOCIATED with something to represent it

Antithesis

contrast of opposing ideas/elements

Diction

Authors word choice

Denotation

What a word literally means

Connotation

Emotions or feelings associated with words

Syntax

Arrangement of words in a sentence, its structure

Clause

Has a subject and verb, unlike a phrase

Periodic Sentence

Type of complex sentence, when independent clause is near the end or near the "."

Compound Complex sentence

Sentence with 1 or more dependent clauses and 2 or more independent clauses

Complex sentence

Has 1 or more dependent clauses, but only 1 independent

Compound sentence

Sentence with 2 independent clauses

Rhetoric

Persuasive language

Prose

Ordinary form of writing (essays, books, etc)

Foot

Basic unit of measurement in poetry

Meter

structured pattern in line of poetry; Number & types of stresses in line of poetry

Alliteration

repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of closely placed words

Assonance

Repetition of vowel sounds, overlaps with rhyme

End Rhyme

When things rhyme @ end of line

Apostrophe

Speech directed to someone who's not there

Anaphora

repeating something at the beginning of successive clauses

Round character

A character who has multiple characteristics/traits and demonstrates some complexity

Flat character

A character who embodies a single quality or trait

Dynamic Character

Character that changes throughout the plot

Static character

Character that doesn't change throughout the plot

tropes

artful diction; stereotypical theme or element common in movies and media

Schemes

artful syntax

Near/Slant Rhyme

words that almost rhyme

Ethos

credibility

Pathos

Appeal to emotion

Logos

Appeal to logic

Deductive Reasoning

reasoning in which a conclusion is reached by stating a general principle and then applying that principle to a specific case (The sun rises every morning; therefore, the sun will rise on Tuesday morning.)

Inductive Reasoning

A type of logic in which generalizations are based on a large number of specific observations. (Observations--> Theory)

Quatrain

A four line stanza

Stanza

A group of lines/chunk of writing in a poem

Rhetorical Triangle

The relationship between the author, the audience, the text/message, and the context.

Internal Rhyme

A word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line

Cumulative Sentence

sentence that completes the main idea at the beginning of the sentence and then builds and adds on

Simple Sentence

A sentence consisting of one independent clause and no dependent clause

Dependent Clause

A clause in a complex sentence that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence

Independent Clause

a clause that can stand alone as a sentence; it must have a noun and a verb (subject and predicate)

Consonance

Repetition of a consonant sound within two or more words in close proximity.

Third-Person Omniscient

the narrator knows all of the thoughts and feelings of ALL of the characters in a work

First-Person Limited

When a story is told through the eyes of the narrator

First Person Omniscient

the narrator is a character in the story, but also knows the thoughts and feelings of all the other characters

Motif

A recurring element, symbol, idea, or image in a literary work that helps develop or emphasize the theme.

Theme

The central idea, message, or insight about life or human nature that a literary work conveys.

First-Person Omniscient

A point of view where the narrator is a character in the story and uses 'I' or 'we,' but the narrator knows and can reveal the thoughts and experiences of all characters (rare).

Third-Person Limited

narrator is not a character in the story and refers to characters as 'he,' 'she,' or 'they,' but only knows the thoughts and feelings of one character.

Third-Person Omniscient

A point of view where the narrator is not a character in the story and knows the thoughts, feelings, and experiences of all characters.

Third-Person Objective

A point of view where the narrator is not a character in the story and does not reveal any character's thoughts or feelings, only describing observable actions and dialogue.

Personification

A literary device in which human qualities or abilities are given to non-human things, objects, animals, or abstract ideas.

Simile

A figure of speech that compares two unlike things using 'like' or 'as.'

Metaphor

A figure of speech that directly compares two unlike things without using 'like' or 'as.'

Hyperbole

A deliberate and extreme exaggeration used for emphasis or effect.

Allusion

A brief reference to a person, place, event, or work of art, often from literature, history, or mythology, that the reader is expected to recognize.

Paradox

A statement that seems contradictory or impossible but reveals a deeper truth.

ie. "Less is more"

Aphorism

A brief, concise statement that expresses a general truth or principle in a witty or memorable way. "Actions speak louder than words"

Trope

The generic name for a figure of speech such as image, symbol, simile, and metaphor. Ie: a "hero's journey" or "star-crossed lovers" are narrative tropes

Theme

Central idea of a work of literature

Intercalary Chapter

A chapter that breaks in some way from the narrative flow or plot of a novel.

Colloquialism

An informal or conversational use of language, often specific to a region or group.

Imagery

Language that appeals to the senses and creates vivid mental pictures.

Visual Imagery

Appeals to the sense of sight.

Auditory Imagery

Appeals to the sense of hearing.

Olfactory Imagery

Appeals to the sense of smell.

Gustatory Imagery

Appeals to the sense of taste.

Tactile Imagery

Appeals to the sense of touch.

Organic Imagery

Appeals to internal sensations like hunger, fatigue, or fear.

Kinesthetic Imagery

Appeals to the sense of movement or bodily tension.

Euphemism

A mild or indirect word or phrase substituted for one considered too harsh or blunt.

Pun

A humorous play on words that suggests two or more meanings.

Double Entendre

A phrase that can be understood in two ways, often with one meaning being risqué or ironic.

Foil Characters

Characters who contrast with one another to highlight particular qualities of the main character.

Situational Irony

When the opposite of what is expected actually happens.

Verbal Irony

When someone says one thing but means another, often the opposite.

Dramatic Irony

When the audience knows information that characters do not, creating tension or humor.

Aside

A short comment or speech that a character delivers directly to the audience, unheard by other characters.

Monologue

A long speech by one character addressed to other characters or the audience.

Soliloquy

A speech in which a character speaks their thoughts aloud, usually alone on stage, revealing inner feelings.

Plastic Theater

A term coined by Tennessee Williams referring to the use of props, lighting, sound, and set design to reflect a character's emotional state.

Panel

A single frame or box in a comic or graphic novel that contains one scene or moment.

Gutter

The space between comic panels that readers mentally 'fill in' to connect the story.

Graphic Weight

The way some images draw the reader's eye more than others, often through contrast, shading, or color.

Splash

A full-page illustration in a graphic novel or comic, often used for dramatic effect.

Bleed

An image that extends to and even off the edge of the page in a comic.

Emanata

Visual symbols (like sweat drops, light bulbs, or question marks) that represent a character's emotions or reactions in comics.

Background

The part of a scene in a comic that appears behind the main characters or action.

Foreground

The part of a comic scene that appears closest to the reader; where the main action often occurs.

Midground

The part of a comic panel that lies between the foreground and background, balancing both.

Satire

A literary work that uses humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to criticize or expose flaws in society, individuals, or institutions.

Bildungsroman

A coming-of-age story that focuses on the psychological and moral growth of the protagonist.

Fallacy

A mistaken belief or error in reasoning, often undermining an argument.

Ad Hominem

Attacking the person instead of addressing the argument.

Argument from Authority

Claiming something is true simply because an authority figure says so.

Red Herring

Introducing an irrelevant topic to divert attention from the original issue.