Unit 2: Cancer, Tumors, and Cell Death

programmed cell death

apoptosis

uncontrolled cell growth leading to masses of cells called tumors

what causes cancer?

benign: does not spread

malignant: invades and spreads

benign vs malignant tumors

lysosomes

in apoptosis, the cell and its chromatin shrink, blank ruptured, then parts of the membrane breaks off, neighboring cells clean up the remains

alcohol, excess body weight, age, genetics

risk factors of cancer

when a tumor cell leeches into blood stream, it can then be carried into different parts of the body (stage 4 cancer)

what is metastasis?

quality of life

when a patient reaches metastasis, treatment is focused on blank: hospice

the process by which new blood vessels are formed

what is angiogenesis?

tumors trigger angionesis via chemical signals in order to continue to grow and be fed

describe the process of angiogenesis

cutting off blood vessel connections to the tumor

a form of treatment for angiogenesis

surgical removal of tumor, radiation, chemotherapy, treat before cells metastasize

cancer treatment examples

avoiding tobacco, eating healthy, regular exercise, routine check ups

prevent cancer by (list 4)

lung cancer

the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women is blank

the environment

Which has a greater chance of affecting cancer incidence rates, having a genetic predisposition or the environment?