Bone Composition

compact bone

outer shell of most/dense bone tissue

cortex

external layer

body/shaft

contains a thicker layer of compact bone that is found at the ends, helps resist the stress of the weight placed on them

spongy/cancellous bone

inside shell of compact bone (especially at ends of long bones); highly porous and usually contains red bone marrow

medullary cavity

bodies of long bones are hollow; portion of hollow area

periosteum

dense fibrous membrane, covers bones except at articulating surfaces; essential for bone growth/repair/nutrition

hyaline cartilage

covers articulating surfaces; means glassy/clear, is cartilage/connecting tissue

endosteum

a membrane lining the inner surface of the medullary cavity

diaphysis

primary center of ossification in growing bones

epiphysis

secondary center of ossification

epiphyseal plates

cartilaginous (growth) plates; found between metaphysis and each epiphysis until skeletal growth is complete

metaphysis

wider portion of a long bone adjacent to epiphyseal plate