PALM 301 Bones and Muscles

Frontal Bone

Parietal Bone

Occipital Bone

Temporal Bone

Sphenoid Bone

Ethmoid Bone

Mandible

Maxilla

Palatine Bone

Zygomatic Bone

Hyoid bone

Cervical Vertebrae

Thoracic Vertebrae

Lumbar Vertebrae

Sacral Vertebrae

Coccygeal Bones

Atlas

Axis

True Rib

False Rib

Floating Rib

Manubrium

Sternum Body

Xiphoid Process

Clavicle

Scapula

Humerus

Radius

Ulna

Carpal

Metacarpal

Phalanges (Of Hand)

Ilium

Ischium

Pubic Bone

Acetabulum

Obturator Foramen

Femur

Patella

Tibia

Fibula

Tarsals

Talus

Calcaneus

Metatarsals

Phalanges (Of Foot)

Erector spinae

Origin: Vertebrae

Insertion: Ribs and vertebrae

Action: Extend Vertebrae

Splenius muscles

Origin Vertebrae (C & T)

Insertion: Skull and Vertebrae

Action: Extend Head

Transversospinalis

Origin Transverse processes of vertebrae

Insertion: Spinous Processes of vertebrae

Action: Interconnect, stabilize & extend vertebral column

Quadratus lumborum

Origin : Ilium

Insertion: Vertebrae & last rib

Action: Flex Vertebrae column

Neck flexors

Origin Anterier surface if vertebrae (C&T)

Insertion: Vertebrae & base of skull

Action: Flex Vertebrae column and rotate head

Trapezius

(Posterier Location)

Origin skull and vertebrae

Insertion:Scapula & clavicle

Action: Move shoulder (elevate, adducts, pull back)

Rhomboids

Origin Vertebrae

Insertion: Scapula

Action: Move Shoulder (elevate, adducts: pulls back)

Levator scapulae

Origin :Vertebrae

Insertion: Scapula

Action: Move shoulder ( elevate, adducts: pulls back)

Pectoralis minor

Origin Ribs

Insertion: Scapula

Action: Move shoulder

(Anterior and lateral body wall)

Serratus anterior

Origin Ribs

Insertion: Scapula

Action: Move shoulder anteriorly

Deltoid

Origin Clavicle and Scapula

Insertion: Humerus

Action: Abduct shoulder

(Laterial Shoulder)

Rotator cuff muscles

Origin Scapula

Insertion: Humerous

Action: Stablilize shoulder, abduct and adduct & rotate shoulder

(Posterior and anterior scapula)

Pectoralis major

Origin Ribs

Insertion: Humerous

Action: Adduct & flex shoulder

(Anterior Thorax)

Latissimus dorsi

Origin Vertebrae

Insertion: Humerous

Action: Adduct shoulder

(Posterior & laterial thorax)

Flexors of Elbow (Biceps)

Origin scapula & humerus

Insertion: Ulna and Radius

Action: Flex elbow

Extensors of Elbow (Triceps)

Origin Scapula & humerus

Insertion: Ulna

Action: Extend elbow

(Posterior arm)

Pronators

Origin Humerus & Ulna

Insertion: Radius

Action: Twist elbows (pronate and supinate)

Supinators

Origin Humerus & Ulna

Insertion: Radius

Action: Twist elbow

Flexor carpi

Origin Humerus

Insertion: Metacarpals

Action: Flex wrist

(Anterior forarm)

Extensor carpi

Origin Humerus

Insertion: Metacarpals

Action: Extend Wrist

(Posterior Forearm)

Wrist Flexors

Wrist Extensors

Gluteal muscles

Origin Ilium & Sacrum

Insertion: Femur

Action: Rotate, abduct &extend hip

(Posterior hip)

Lateral rotators

Origin Ischium, sacrum, obturator foramen

Insertion:femur

Action: rotate hip

deep to gluteal

Hip Adductors

Origin Pubis

Insertion: Femur

Action: adduct hip

(medial thigh)

Iliopsoas muscles

Origin

Insertion: Femur

Action: Flex hip

(Anterior hip)

Knee Flexors (hamstrings) (posterior thigh)

Origin Ilium, ischium, femur

Insertion: Tibia, fibula

Action: flex Knee

Knee Extensors (Rectus femoris) (anterior thigh)

Origin Ilium

Insertion: Tibia

Action: Extend knee

Plantar flexors

Origin Femur, Tibia, Fibula

Insertion:Tarsals & metatarsal

Action: Plantarflex at ankle

Dorsiflexors

Origin Tibia

Insertion: Metatarsals

Action: Dorsiflex ankle

Flexors (posterior leg)

Extensors (anterior leg)

Sacrum

Glenoid Fossa

Extensors of the Digits

Lateral Rotators of the Hip