Civics and Environmental Stewardship Final Study Set
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52 Terms
What is the state of nature?
In an uncivilized or uncultivated state
No government, laws or rules
Democracy:
Citizens hold political power.
Dictatorship:
Ruled by a single leader who has not been elected and may use force to keep control.
Anarchy:
No rulers/ set government.
Capitalism:
People own their own businesses and property and must buy services for private use, such as healthcare.
What are the two main political parties in America?
Democratic and Republican
Democratic:
Liberal
Wealthier people get taxed more, less wealthy = less tax
Gov’t provides welfare
Republican:
Conservatives
Reduced gov’t spending
Less welfare programs (less taxes)
What is the electoral college?
Each state has a group of electors who cast the “actual vote” for the president.
They actually decide on the president. The president can win the popular vote, but still lose the presidency, if the electoral college votes for their opponent.
Declaration of Independence:
A government document that is not legally binding.
Constitution:
It is a document that creates our government. It guides officials in running the country.
Bill of Rights:
Specific prohibitions on government power. First 10 amendments of the constitution.
What is an amendment?
An amendment is a changed rules to create a solution, or to help with larger problems.
What was the Constitutional Convention?
12 states convened in Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation.
What came out of the Convention?
The U.S constitution. It established a federal government with more specific powers.
Checks and Balances:
The gov’t is organized around three separate branches. Each branch has certain powers with which it can check the operation of the other two branches.
Federalism:
The division of power among a central government and several regional government.
How many amendment are in the Bill of Rights?
10
Amendment 1:
Freedom of speech, press, religion, petition, and assmebly.
Amendment 2:
Right to bear arms.
Amendment 4:
No unreasonable search or seizure.
Amendment 5:
Protection from double jeopardy and self incrimination.
Amendment 10:
Power extended to the people.
What are the qualifications for the president/vice president?
Be a native born US citizen
Be at least 35 years old
Have been resident of the Us for at least 14 years
What is impeachment?
A charge of misconduct made against the holder of a public office. Does not mean they are immediately removed
What is the presidents cabinet? How many people are in the cabinet?
Consists of the vice president and the heads of 15 executive departments.
Who is the current president?
Joe Biden (Democrat)
Who is the current vice president?
Kamala Harris (Democrat)
Who is the speaker of the house?
Mike Johnson (Republican)
What is the order of presidential succession?
Vice president
Speaker of the House
President Pro Tempore
Secretary of State
Cabinet Members
Who is the current Governor of CT?
Ned Lamont (Democrat)
What is Congress’s main job?
Law making
Which party has control in the House of Representatives?
Republican
Who is in charge of the House of Representatives? (What gov’t position)
Speaker of the House
Which chamber of Congress has 435 people?
House of Representatives
Is the House of Representatives even per state?
No it is State population.
Which party has control in the Senate?
Democratic
Who is in charge of the Senate? (What gov’t position)
Vice President then, President Pro Tempore
How many people are in the Senate?
100
Is the Senate even per state?
Yes, 2 chamber members per state.
How does a bill become a law?
Bill is introduced to either chamber of congress
Bill is sent to committee for hearing
Bill is debated on the floor
Bill is voted on. A simple majority is needed
Bill is sent to other chamber
Repeat steps 1-4 in the other chamber
If passed by both chambers, bill is sent to the president to sign, ignore, or veto it
Trial (District) court:
Hears cases for the first time; Review evidence to see who’s right.
Appellate court:
Reviews the trial courts decision for error; Decisions must be followed by all trial courts.
Supreme court:
Reviews the appellate court decision for error; Decisions must be followed by all lower courts.
How many justices are there?
9
How are justices chosen?
Nominated by the president and confirmed by Senate.
How long can justices serve?
They have a life tenure.
What are the qualifications for justices?
None! besides good behavior
Judicial review:
The power to examine the laws and actions of local, state, and national governments and to cancel them out if they violate the Constitution.
How are cases chosen to go to the Supreme Court?
Select a case
Hear arguments
Making a decision
Writing opinions
How does CT’s judicial branch look similar to that of the federal government?
They both have trial court, appellate court, and supreme courts/ They can both hear civil and criminal cases.
How does CT’s judicial branch look different to that of the federal government?
State courts can only hear cases related to state law; not federal laws/ there are only 7 justices at the CT supreme court; the national level has 9 justices.