________ invented cornflakes in the 19th century because he believed that bland, healthy foods helped prevent "unhealthy "sexual urges, such as masturbation.
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Cultural relativism
________, interpreting another culture using their goals, values, and beliefs rather than our own to make sense of what people say and do, is a central means of overcoming ethnocentrism, and it is a major feature of the anthropological perspective on culture.
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Norms
________ are typical patterns of behavior, viewed by participants as the unwritten rules of everyday life.
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Tradition
________- the most enduring and ritualized aspects of a culture, usually assumed to be timeless or, at least, very old.
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Social sanctions
________ are the reactions or measures intended to enforce norms and punish their violations.
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hearty breakfasts
In the 19th century, rich, ________ (meat, eggs, biscuits, gravy, and butter) were a sign of prosperity, as was the resulting full- bodied body type.
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Values
_____ are symbolic expressions of intrinsically desirable principles or qualities.
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Radcliffe Brown
________, functionalism proposes that cultural practices and beliefs perform functions for societies, such as explaining how the world works and organizing people into efficient roles.
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Evans Pritchard
________, a critic of functionalism, argued that functionalism was too associated with the natural sciences and viewed culture as too stable and smoothly functioning.
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cross-cultural perspective
A ________ (analyzing a human social phenomenon by comparing that phenomenon in different cultures) demonstrates the incredible flexibility and plasticity of the human species.
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Cultures
________ are dynamic, always adapting and changing.
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Cultural construction
________- the fact people collectively "build "meanings through common experience and negotiation.
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Functionalists
________ emphasize that social institutions function together in an integrated and balanced fashion to keep the whole society functioning smoothly and to minimize social change.
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English scholar Sir Edward B Tylor
________ was a founding figure of cultural anthropology.
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Anthropologist Clifford Geertz
________ proposed that culture is a system of symbols- something that represents something else- through which people make sense out of the world.
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Human beliefs
________ and practices come in all shapes and forms.
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social groups
They are humanly constructed and variable across ________, and they can change somewhat quickly.
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Culture
________- the taken-for-granted notions, rules, moralities, and behaviors within a social group.
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