International Sport Management and Globalization

Vocabulary flashcards covering core concepts, historical developments, and manager competencies in global sports management.

Globalization (Sport Context)

The increased interactions and integration between sport organizations around the world, driven predominantly by economic considerations alongside cultural elements (Eschenfelder & Li, 2006).

Internationalization in Sport

The worldwide dissemination of sport driven in part by 20th-century consumer culture and the movement of athletes around the world in pursuit of work, occurring despite sport not being controlled or produced in a single country (Magnússon, 2001; Keys, 2006).

Commodification

The influence of economic forces on the structure and practice of sport, driving athletes and organizations to maximize financial returns and global visibility.

Regionalism

Common objectives, values, and identities leading to region-formation and regional cooperation within a geographical area to maximize economic, commercial, cultural, and sporting outcomes.

Nationalism

A socially constructed, shared sense of what a country stands for or is composed of, closely linked to national identities and highly visible during mega-events like the Olympic Games and FIFA World Cup.

Glocalization

The process where local cultural traditions and identities negotiate, resist, embrace, or form hybrids with globalized capitalist cultural forces.

Organic Glocalization

A spontaneous and natural form of glocalization, such as the historical diffusion and local adoption of foreign sports like football across Latin America.

Strategic Glocalization

Induced glocalization representing deliberate efforts by commercial, nationalistic, or ideological interests to expand the market of a sport franchise or league.

Localization

The adaptation of nonlocal elements, such as language, rules, and exclusive digital content, specifically for a local context or market.

Emerging Sports

Sports and physical activities rapidly increasing in size and prominence that highlight physical, athletic, and technological development, such as pickleball, stand-up paddling, bouldering, drone racing, adventure racing, and surfing.

Esports

Competitive gaming at a professional level in an organized format (tournament or league) with specific goals like winning prize money or a champion title, maintaining a clear distinction between competing players and teams (Newzoo, 2018).

Emerging Markets

Developing nations with high economic growth rates and potential that offer major growth and expansion opportunities for sport organizations (Khanna & Palepu, 2010).

BRICS

An economic alliance of emerging market nations originally comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, currently expanded to 11 full member countries including Egypt, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Ethiopia, Iran, and Indonesia.

Personal Reflexivity

An international sport management competency involving self-critical and analytical personal reflection, developed through practices such as daily journaling, ethnography, and volunteering in unfamiliar environments.

Sensitivity to Cultural Differences

An international sport management competency centered on being receptive to foreign cultural perspectives and practices, cultivated by consuming international media or engaging socially across cultures.

Flexible Expertise

An international sport management competency combining self-awareness, cross-cultural communication, and operational, systems, and critical analysis skills adaptable across new and low-risk settings.

Industrial Revolution (in Sport)

The historical period that served as the foundation of modern organized sports through the standardization of rules, sanctioning of equipment, and development of official facilities.

Mother of Sport

A historical designation given to Great Britain due to its foundational influence in formalizing, standardizing, and exporting modern organized sports worldwide.

YMCA (Young Men's Christian Association)

An international organization that played a major role in spreading American sporting values and games such as basketball and baseball around the world.

Athlete Migration

The cross-border movement of athletic talent in search of employment, which enhances competition quality and diversity globally while creating challenges like talent drain in developing nations.