Mitosis and Meiosis Overview

Purpose of mitosis

Growth and repair.

Result of mitosis

2 identical diploid cells.

Purpose of meiosis

To make gametes (sex cells).

Result of meiosis

4 different haploid cells.

Where mitosis happens

In body (somatic) cells.

Where meiosis happens

In sex organs (testes/ovaries).

Diploid

A cell with 2 sets of chromosomes.

Haploid

A cell with 1 set of chromosomes.

Gametes

Egg and sperm cells.

Somatic cells

Body cells (not sex cells).

Chromosome

DNA wrapped up tightly.

Sister chromatids

Two identical halves of a chromosome.

Interphase

The cell grows and copies DNA.

Prophase

Chromosomes condense and spindle fibers form.

Metaphase

Chromosomes line up in the middle.

Anaphase

Sister chromatids get pulled apart.

Telophase

Two new nuclei form.

Cytokinesis

The cell splits into two.

Divisions in mitosis

One.

Divisions in meiosis

Two.

Mitosis type

Asexual.

Meiosis type

Sexual.

Meiosis uniqueness

Crossing over and independent assortment.

Crossing over phase

Prophase I of meiosis.

Process keeping chromosome number same

Mitosis.