Chemical Equilibrium

dynamic equilibrium definition

a state in a reversible reaction where the forward and reverse reactions happen at the exact same rate, the concentrations of reactants and products stay constant, and it occurs only in a closed system.

What does Le Chatelier's principle state

if a dynamic chemical equilibrium is disturbed by changing conditions, the position of equilibrium shifts to counteract the change and re-establish balance

equilibirum's constant definition

a number that shows the ratio of products to reactants for a reversible chemical reaction at equilibrium

What does K>>1 mean

at equilibrium, the products are favored over the reactants.

What does K<<1 mean

at equilibrium, the reactants are favored over the products.

What does K=approximately 1 mean

at equilibrium, the concentrations of reactants and products are roughly equal. The reaction does not strongly favor either side.

reaction quotient definition

a measure used to determine the direction a reversible chemical reaction will shift to reach dynamic equilibrium.

Why is temperature different from changing concentration or pressure?

Changing concentration or pressure changes the reaction quotient Q, causing the system to shift until the original Kc​ is re-established. Changing temperature changes the value of Kc​ itself, so a new equilibrium position is established with a different equilibrium constant.