Biochemistry of Metabolic Processes: Glycolysis, Glycogenolysis, Lipolysis, Ketogenesis, Proteolysis, and Gluconeogenesis

Glucose to ATP conversion

Cellular respiration or glycolysis

Glycolysis

The metabolic state most cells want to be in all of the time

Cellular universality of glycolysis

Almost all cells in the body are capable of this process

Duration of glucose/sugar from a single meal

Lasts the human body for a few hours

Glycogenolysis

The process of converting glycogen into glucose

Location of glycogenolysis

Only occurs where glycogen is stored: the liver and skeletal muscle

Glycogen supply duration

Limited supply lasting approximately one to three days

Glycogenolysis regulation

This process is positively regulated by Glycogen

Glycogen

The storage form of carbohydrates (carbs)

Lipolysis

The process of converting triglycerides into fatty acids

Triglycerides

The chemical form of fats

Triglyceride supply duration

The body has weeks worth of this energy source

Storage site for triglycerides

Adipose tissue

Ketogenesis

The process of converting fatty acids into ketones

Ketolysis

The process of converting ketones into ATP

Beta oxidation

Converting fatty acids directly into ATP production (skipping ketogenesis)

Primary location for beta oxidation

The heart

Proteolysis

The process of breaking down proteins into amino acids

Importance of proteolysis

Vital for making Sodium-Potassium (A/K) pumps and other cell channels

Gluconeogenesis

The process of converting amino acids into glucose

Suffix: -lysis

Breakdown

Suffix: -genesis

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