Industrial Imperialism: The ‘New’ Imperialism

These flashcards cover key concepts related to Industrial Imperialism, focusing on the factors, definitions, and historical context of the ‘New Imperialism’ as discussed in the lecture notes.

What was the key characteristic of the 'New Imperialism' that began around 1880?

The rapid colonization of vast regions, particularly in Africa and Asia, by industrial powers.

What was a significant consequence of the 1884 Berlin Conference?

European powers set the rules for colonizing Africa without any African representation.

How did nationalism contribute to the New Imperialism?

Nationalism fostered a competitive attitude among nations, motivating them to acquire colonies before their rivals.

What role did technology play in the New Imperialism?

Advancements such as new medicines, machine guns, and improved communication facilitated the conquest and control of colonies.

How did racism influence the actions of imperial powers during this period?

Imperial powers justified their expansion as a 'civilizing mission,' believing it was their right to rule over what they considered inferior races.

What is the difference between imperialism and colonialism?

Imperialism refers to the ideas and actions justifying control over others, while colonialism is the experience and impact on those who are ruled.

What was one of the economic motivations for New Imperialism?

The need for raw materials for growing industries in industrialized nations and new markets for finished products.

What did the term 'men-on-the-spot' refer to in the context of New Imperialism?

Individuals, often generals or businessmen, who sought to claim new territories for personal gain, sometimes in the absence of formal government direction.

What was a major factor that slowed earlier imperial ambitions of European states before the late nineteenth century?

Diseases, such as malaria, and the presence of organized societies with effective weaponry made conquest difficult.

Which two countries remained independent in Africa by 1914 amidst widespread colonization?

Ethiopia and Liberia.