Social Studies chpts. 18, 20, 21, 23, & 26

The Balkans

A Peninsula in Europe where a war happened to give all the countries independence from the Ottoman Turks.

Turkish and Russian War*

During 1878, The Turks and Russia had a war. This caused the Turks to lose territories in the Balkans. It made European countries nervous, so they demanded to give back Anatolia to the Turks, and also Southern Bulgaria.

Alexander of Battenburg

The nephew of the the Russian Czar, appointed to rule Northern Bulgaria. Took back control of southern Bulgaria, and had no repercussions.

St. Elijah’s Day Uprising

In 1903, Macedonia rebels joined together in Krusevo and declared themselves independent from the Ottoman Turks.

Young Turks

A group of people who became the rulers of the Ottoman Empire trying to change it. ( they made new laws Ex: everyone has to speak Turkish, and christians / Muslims are equal )

Assassination of Franz Ferdinand*

In 1914, a 19 year old Serbian boy assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand because Serbia was angry was angry at Austria’s control over Bosnia ( other Serbs )

British Declaration of war on Germany*

In 1914, British declared war on Germany after Germany invaded Belgium.

Central Powers

One side of WW1. Consisted of Germany, the Austro - Hungarian Empire, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire.

Allied Forces

The other side of WW1. Consisting of USA, Russia, Britain ,France, and Italy.

Lusitania

When a British citizen ship was sunken by the German army

The draft

During WW1, the British didn’t have enough troops, so they drafted in citizens from the age of 18 to 41.

The Zimmerman Telegram

A secret document sent in 13042 code sent to Mexico from Germany asking Mexico to join the war against the US. It promised the territories of Texas, Arizona, and, New Mexico.

Nicholas II and the Romanovs

The last emperor of Russia who was hated because this relationship with Rasputin. His family was also hated and executed with him.

Rasputin

A drunk Russian monk who was deep hated by Russians. He claimed he could heal their son’s Hemophilia.

Aleksandr Kerensky and the “Provisional Government”

Vladimir Lenin

The leader of communist Russia. Gaslight everyone into thinking he was better then there past rulers. Then established the totalitarian state in Russia. He died of a Stroke.

The Bolsheviks

The people who supported Lenin and the communist party.

The communist party

A Russian Political Party led by Lenin that was aiming to give all citizens equal rights. They changed Russia to the USSR and became the main political party.

Woman’s Suffrage

A movement advocating for the right for women to be able to vote in elections.

Paris Peace Conference*

In 1919, this was a meeting between the allies to discuss what punishments the central powers should face after WW1.

The Fourteen Points

14 statements made at the Paris Peace Conference that Woodrow Wilson made to keep peace even after the war.

The League Of Nations

An organization established by Woodrow Wilson after WW2 to help keep peace and safety for all countries in it.

Article 231 (War Guilt Clause)