Reproductive and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Name four viral STDs

1) Herpes (genital)

2) HPV

3) Hepatitis (A-E)

4) HIV/AIDS

Name four bacterial STDs

1) Gardnerella

2) Syphilis

3) Chlamydia

4) Gonorrhea

Vaginitis

Inflammation of the vagina

Yeast Infection (candidiasis): symptoms and treatments

A common type of vaginitis caused by an overgrowth of yeast.

Symptoms include itching and cottage cheese-like discharge

Treated with antifungals like Monistat

Trichomoniasis (trich infection): symptoms and treatments

A sexually transmitted infection caused by a parasite (Trichomonas vaginalis)

Symptoms include itching, irritation, and a frothy, yellow-green discharge

Treated with antibiotics

Gardnerella: symptoms and treatments

A type of bacterial vaginosis caused by Gardnerella vaginalis.

Symptoms include a fishy odor and thin gray-white discharge.

Treated with antibiotics.

Herpes: symptoms and treatments

a common viral infection

Symptoms include fluid-filled sores or blisters

Uncurable but antiviral medication can help

HPV (Human Papillomavirus): symptoms and treatments

Viral infection

Symptoms: genital warts, can lead to cervical cancer

Treatment: uncurable however there are medications to help with the symptoms

Gonorrhea: symptoms and treatments

A sexually transmitted infection

Silent/Mild Symptoms: painful urination, increased discharge, and bleeding

Treatment: antibiotics

Chlamydia: symptoms and treatments

Sexually transmitted infection

Symptoms: abnormal vaginal discharge, burning during urination, abdominal pain

Treatment: antibiotics

Syphilis: symptoms and treatment

Sexually transmitted infection

Symptoms: sores (primary), skin rash (secondary), and internal damage generally to the nervous system (late stage) 

Treatment: antibiotics

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)

a virus that attacks the body's immune system; when untreated can lead to AIDS

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)

a condition that can happen as a result of an HIV infection when your immune system is severely weakened

AIDS Treatment

Antiretroviral Therapy (ART): a combination of HIV medication including reverse transcriptase inhibitors, integrase inhibitors, and protease inhibitors

Permanent contraceptives

1) Vasectomy

2) Female sterilization (ligation)

Semi-permanent contraceptives

1) IUD

2) Implant

Hormonal contraceptives

1) Pill

2) Shot

3) Ring

4) Patch

Barrier contraceptives

1) Condoms

2) Diaphragm

3) Cervical cap

4) Sponge

Steps of implantation

1. Sperm and egg fuse, forming a single diploid cell called a zygote

2. The zygote undergoes rapid miotics cell divisions (cleavage) 

3. After several rounds of cleavage the embryo is called a morula

4. The morula develops into a blastocyst 

5. The blastocyst travels to the uterus and implants into the uterine wall

HCG

The hormone detected by pregnancy tests

Hormonal changes during pregnancy

1) The rescued corpus luteum prevents estrogen and progesterone levels from dropping after the secretory phase 

2) Placenta takes over production of progesterone between 8 weeks and 12 weeks until birth

Hepatitis

Inflammation of the liver; can result in liver cancer, liver failure, or death

Symptoms: fatigue, abdominal pain, and jaundice

Treatment: IV fluid and antiviral drugs