BASIC CHEMISTRY
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72 Terms
A molecule of water has a (+) charge at one and a (−) charge at the other end of the molecule. What is the best description?
Polar molecule
Which of the following carries lopsided charge?
A polar molecule
Water is a(n):
all is applicable. (molecule, aqueous solvent, compound)
An atom has 1 proton, 0 neutrons, and 1 electron. What will convert this atom to a cation?
Lose 1 electron.
A solution that has a pH of 6.8:
is acidic.
An atom has 4 protons, 4 neutrons, and 4 electrons. It:
has an atomic mass of 8.
Which of the following is true of an anion?
An anion carries a negative charge.
The addition of H+ to blood:
makes the blood more acidic.
patient with a blood pH of 7.28:
has an excess of H+ions.
A solution with a pH of 8:
is more alkaline than blood.
Which of the following is most descriptive of ionic and covalent?
Types of bonding.
Which of the following is true of iodine and radioactive iodine?
Both have the same atomic numbers.
An atom that has 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3 electrons:
has an atomic mass of 7.
Which of the following illustrates antacid activity?
Mg(OH)2 + HCl → MgCl2 + H2O
Fe2+ is formed when iron
loses 2 electrons.
The ionization of salt (NaCl):
produces a cation and an anion.
Which of the following is descriptive of the chemical reaction in the previous question?
Electrolyte → cation + anion
The pH of urine:
can be acidic or alkaline
Which of the following increases the speed of a chemical reaction but is itself not used up in the chemical reaction?
A catalyst
In which of the following is the number of hydrogen ions greater?
A solution with a pH of 6.2
Blood is called a colloidal suspension because:
it consists of the suspended plasma proteins.
An atom has 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3 electrons; another atom has 3 protons, 3 neutrons, and 3 electrons. Which of the following is most descriptive of this pair of atoms?
Isotope
What happens when HCl is added to a solution with a pH of 7.45?
The [H+] of the solution will increase.
Which of the following is an anion?
HCO3−
The heart pushes blood into the blood vessels as chemical energy is converted to which form of energy?
Mechanical
What is the energy-transferring molecule?
ATP
Which group is correct?
Blood pH 7.35, normal blood pH, turns litmus paper blue
Which of the following is correct about the following reaction: NaCl ↔ Na+ + Cl−?
Ionization
ATP:
is an energy transfer molecule.
What kind of ion would have 8 protons in its nucleus and 9 electrons in its orbits?
Anion
Bases can be classified as being:
weak or strong.
Iron can be a(n):
cation.
Which compound is a waste product of cellular metabolism?
Carbon dioxide
An electrolyte:
dissociates into ions.
In the reaction HCl → H+ + Cl−:
all is applicable
Which of the following is true of Cl−?
Is an anion.
Zinc, selenium, cobalt, and iodine are all:
trace elements.
The sharing of electrons is referred to as:
covalent bonding.
Blood has a pH range of 7.35 to 7.45 and therefore:
is alkaline.
Which of the following is described by this statement? One atom of oxygen bonds covalently with two atoms of hydrogen.
Water
Which of the following is located in the orbits surrounding the nucleus?
Electrons
Which element must be present for a substance to be classified as organic?
Carbon
Which of the following is a measurement of hydrogen ion concentration [H+]?
pH
What do the following have in common: Pb, plumbism, and plumber? All terms refer to:
lead.
Which of the following can neutralize H+?
OH−
Which pH is considered neutral?
7.00
An atom has 2 protons, 2 neutrons, and 2 electrons; it has an atomic:
mass of 4.
Which of the following is most descriptive of the nucleus of the atom?
All is applicable
An atom has 1 proton, 0 neutrons, and 1 electron; its isotope has:
1 proton and 1 neutron.
Which of the following best describes a solution in which alcohol is the solvent?
Tincture
Which of the following is incorrect?
Electrolytes: NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, HCO3−
An atom of oxygen shares its outer shell electrons with two hydrogen atoms thereby:
forming a molecule of water.
Intestinal secretions are alkaline. What can decrease its pH?
The addition of H+ in the form of HCl
Which of the following is most descriptive of the function of an enzyme?
Catalyst
Which compound is the universal solvent?
Water
Which of the following acts as a catalyst?
An enzyme
Which of the following is most descriptive of HCl?
Is an acid.
As assessment of a patient’s electrolytes is performed by collecting a sample of the patient’s:
blood.
Which of the following is an anion?
Chloride ion
NaCl, table salt, is called a(n):
electrolyte.
Which of the following represents bicarbonate, an anion that is important in acid–base regulation?
HCO3−
Which of the following is true of Na+?
It is a cation.
Which of the following is most descriptive of a precipitate that forms during a chemical reaction?
Solid
Which process refers to the dissociation of NaCl into Na+ and Cl−?
Ionization
Which of the following best describes a solution in which water is the solvent?
Aqueous solution
A catalyst:
increases the speed of a chemical reaction.
Which of the following is true of Na+?
Called the sodium ion
A combination of sugar granules and iron filings is best described as a(n):
mixture.
An atom of oxygen has an atomic number of 8. Therefore:
all is applicable.
[H+] refers to:
hydrogen ion concentration.
A cation is a(n):
positively charged ion.
Which group is correct?
Common molecules: O2, N2, H2O