Nursing Terminology- Ch. 13 Skeletal and Muscular Systems CONDENSED

skeletal system

Functions include protection, blood production, and mineral regulation

vertebral column

Bones that protect the spinal cord​

thorax

the sternum and the ribs

hematopoiesis

The production of red and white blood cells

Essential minerals

Calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium​

Synarthrosis

An immovable joint​

Amphiarthrosis

A slightly movable joint

Diathrosis

A freely movable joint

Range of motion

The amount of motion available at a joint​

Goniometer

A device for measuring joint range of motion

Osteoporosis

A disorder of decreased bone mass​

Tendons

attach muscles to bones

Aponeurosis

A tendon that resembles a ribbon and attaches to a larger area of bone​

Ligaments

attach bones to other bones

Joints

The space where two bones meet and where movement occurs​

Muscles

Connective tissues made up of contractile fibers ​

Fascia

Connective tissue arranged in sheets or bands; covers muscle tissue

Striated muscle

Considered voluntary muscle and affected by exercise

Hypertrophy

Increase in size

Atrophy

Decrease in size​

Gait

The manner and style in which a person walks

Smooth muscle

Muscle that is not controlled by conscious thought and is not affected by exercise​

oste/o

bone

pelv/i

pelvis

lamin/o

lamina

carp/o

carpus

synov/o

synovial membrane

sacr/o

sacrum

lord/o

bent backward, swayback

burs/o

bursa, sac

fasci/o

fascia

scoli/o

crooked, bent

lumb/o

lower back

kyph/o

hump

muscul/o

muscle

orth/o

straight

vertebr/o

vertebrae

menisc/o

meniscus

arthr/o

joint

femor/o

femur

spondyl/o

vertebrae

phalang/o

phalanges

myel/o

spinal cord, bone marrow

ili/o

ilium

articul/o

joint

chondr/o

cartilage

ankyl/o

stiff joint

patell/o

patella

tars/o

ankle (tarsal) bones

tibi/o

tibia

fibul/o

fibula

radi/o

radius

pub/o

pubis

stern/o

sternum

thorac/o

thorax

tend/o

tendon

cervic/o

neck

crani/o

cranium

humer/o

humerus

cost/o

ribs

ten/o

tendon

kinesi/o

movement

metacarp/o

metacarpals (wrist bones)

metatars/o

metatarsals (ankle bones)

my/o

muscle

synovi/o

synovial membrane

uln/o

ulna

ACL

anterior cruciate ligament

PROM

passive range of motion

UE

upper extremity

BKA

below knee amputation

AK

above knee

RA

rheumatoid arthritis

DJD

degenerative joint disease (osteoarthritis)

MVA

motor vehicle accident

RUE

right upper extremity

DTR

deep tendon reflex

LLE

left lower extremity

AROM

active range of motion

PT

physical therapy/therapist

ORIF

open reduction-internal fixation

TKA

total knee arthroplasty

ROM

range of motion

THR

total hip replacement

ortho

orthopedica

ADL

activity of daily living

LE

lower extremity

Fx

fracture

BE

below the elbow

RLE

right lower extremity

OT

occupational therapy/therapist

THA

total hip arthroplasty

AP

anteroposterior

L1-L5

first lumbar vertebra, second lumbar vertebra, etc.

OA

osteoarthritis

NSAID

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

C1-C7

first cervical vertebra, second cervical vertebra, etc.

AKA

above knee amputation

T1-T12

first thoracic vertebra, second thoracic vertebra, etc.

IM

intramuscular