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Vibro cholerae is assoicated with?
fatal diarrhea and vomiting
pandemics
Where are vibros typically found?
fresh, marine and brackish water
What do vibrios typically cause?
Intestinal and extra intestinal disease
How are vibro infections typically aquired?
Ingesting contaminated food (especially seafood) or water
What are the two biogroups of vibrio cholera?
Classic and El tor
What is the gram stain for vibrios?
Curved gram negative rods
What are the catalase and oxidase reactions for vibrios?
Catalase and oxidase positive
What is the second most common vibrio found in GI infections?
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
What vibro causes disease in patients with chronic liver disease and is the second most serious infection?
Vibrio vulnificus
Which vibrios are susceptible to 150 ug Vibriostatic agent?
All of them
Which vibro is resistant to 10 ug of vibriostatic agent?
V. parahemolyticus
What special media is used for vibrios?
Thiosulfate Citrate bile salt sucrose selective media (TCBS)
Which vibros ferment sucrose?
V. cholera and alginolyticus (Yellow colonies on TCBS)
Which vibros are sucrose non-fermentors?
V. vulnificus and parahaemolyticus (blue green colonies on TCBS)
What is an enrichment media for isolating vibros?
Alkaline peptone water, high ph inhibits contaminants
What is the LAO for vibrios?
+ / - / +
Vibrios are glucose?
fermenters
Which vibrio is VP positive?
Vibrio cholera and V. alginolyticus VP +
Which vibrios are ONPG postivive?
V. cholerae and vulnificus
Vibrios are motile, indole, gelatin and nitrate?
Positive for all
Which vibrio is positive for lactose on MAC?
V. vulnificus, lactose fermenter
How can vibrios and plesiomonas be differentiated?
Inositol fermentation, vibrios are negative
What vibrio will grown in broth containing no NaCl but not in broth containing 6.5% NaCl?
Vibrio cholera, all vibrios require 1% NaCl to grow
Which vibrio ferments salicin?
V. vulnificus
What is the string test?
Mix vibrio colony with bile salt, lift colony with loop to see how long the string is to identify,
What are the reactions for KSI and TSI for V. vulnificus?
A/A and A/A
What are the reactions for KSI and TSI for V. parahaemolyticus?
AK/A and AK/A
What are the reactions for KSI and TSI for V. chlorea?
AK/A and A/A
Where is Aeromonas hydrophila found?
Ground water, reservoirs, lakes and rivers
How is an aeromonas infection often acquired?
eating contaminated foods
drinking contaminated water
Aeromonas hydrophila grows on BA as?
A beta-hemolytic colony
Aeromonas hydrophlia on MAC is a?
Can be a LF or NLF
What is Aeromonas hydrophila’s gram stain?
Straight gram negative rod
What is aeromonas hydrophila’s reaction on KIA and TSI?
A/A or AK/A, A/A or AK/A
Aeromonas is catalase and oxidase?
Positive
Aeromonas is a glucose?
Fermenter
Aeromonas is indole, VP and motile?
Positive for indole, VP and motility
What is Aeromonas’s LAO reaction?
+/+/-
Can aeromonas tolerate high NaCl?
Intolerant
Aeromonas is —— to vibriostaic agent?
Resistant
Aeromonas is inositol?
Negative
Aeromonas is gelatin and esculin?
Positive
What color colonies does aeromonas form on CIN?
Pink colonies
What group was Plesiomonas shigelloides moved to?
Enterobacteriaceae
Can Plesiomonas shigelloides tolerate salt and break down gelatin?
Intolerant to high salt and can not breakdown gelatin
Plesiomonas grows as a?
Shiny, opaque, nonhemolytic colony
What is plesiomonas’s gram stain?
Straight gram negative rod
Plesiomonas ferments?
Lactose and inositol
What is Plesiomona’s LAO?
+/+/+
Plesiomonas is VP?
Negative
Is plesiomonas susceptible to vibrostaic agent?
Yes
What do most Campylobacters require for growth?
Microaerobic and capnophilic conditions (5-10% O2 to 10% CO2, 85% N2), use CAMY CVA media
What is the gram stain of Camplyobacter?
Faintly staining Curved gram negative rods (S shapes, spirals, gull wings)
What do camplyobacter colonies look like?
“runny” and spreading and are non-hemolytic
How can you tell C. Jejuni and C. Coli appart?
Using hippurate hydrolysis, C. jejuni is positive while C. Coli in negative
What temperature does C. jejuni grow optimally at?
42 degrees as moist colonies that spread along the streak
What temperature do non-thermophilic campylobacters grow at?
37 degrees. Campylobacter fetus
How long are Campy plates held before being reported out?
48-72 hours
Campylobacter fetus is —- on KIA and TSI?
H2S positive
Camplyobacter jejuni and coli are indoxyl acetate___ and susptible to?
Positive and naldixic acid
How can you tell C. fetus and C. jejuni apart?
grows well at 25-35 degrees and not well at 42
Hippurate negative
Naldixic acid resistant
What does Helicobacter pylori cause?
Type B gastritis which is associated with gastric cancer
Can helicobacter pylori be cutured?
No but can be detected through gastric biopsy
What is the gram stain of H. pylori?
Curved, gram negative rod
H. pylori is catalse, oxidase and urease?
Positive for both and is a rapid urease producer.
Campylobacters can also be isolated using?
A milipore filter.
In the urea breath test what is being measured?
CO2, urea given with carbon isotopes(C13). H. pylori is a rapid urea utilizer so while convert the urea to CO2.