Oxidase positive gram negative rods

Vibro cholerae is assoicated with?

• fatal diarrhea and vomiting

• pandemics

Where are vibros typically found?

fresh, marine and brackish water

What do vibrios typically cause?

Intestinal and extra intestinal disease

How are vibro infections typically aquired?

Ingesting contaminated food (especially seafood) or water

What are the two biogroups of vibrio cholera?

Classic and El tor

What is the gram stain for vibrios?

Curved gram negative rods

What are the catalase and oxidase reactions for vibrios?

Catalase and oxidase positive

What is the second most common vibrio found in GI infections?

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

What vibro causes disease in patients with chronic liver disease and is the second most serious infection?

Vibrio vulnificus

Which vibrios are susceptible to 150 ug Vibriostatic agent?

All of them

Which vibro is resistant to 10 ug of vibriostatic agent?

V. parahemolyticus

What special media is used for vibrios?

Thiosulfate Citrate bile salt sucrose selective media (TCBS)

Which vibros ferment sucrose?

V. cholera and alginolyticus (Yellow colonies on TCBS)

Which vibros are sucrose non-fermentors?

V. vulnificus and parahaemolyticus (blue green colonies on TCBS)

What is an enrichment media for isolating vibros?

Alkaline peptone water, high ph inhibits contaminants

What is the LAO for vibrios?

+ / - / +

Vibrios are glucose?

fermenters

Which vibrio is VP positive?

Vibrio cholera and V. alginolyticus VP +

Which vibrios are ONPG postivive?

V. cholerae and vulnificus

Vibrios are motile, indole, gelatin and nitrate?

Positive for all

Which vibrio is positive for lactose on MAC?

V. vulnificus, lactose fermenter

How can vibrios and plesiomonas be differentiated?

Inositol fermentation, vibrios are negative

What vibrio will grown in broth containing no NaCl but not in broth containing 6.5% NaCl?

Vibrio cholera, all vibrios require 1% NaCl to grow

Which vibrio ferments salicin?

V. vulnificus

What is the string test?

Mix vibrio colony with bile salt, lift colony with loop to see how long the string is to identify,

What are the reactions for KSI and TSI for V. vulnificus?

A/A and A/A

What are the reactions for KSI and TSI for V. parahaemolyticus?

AK/A and AK/A

What are the reactions for KSI and TSI for V. chlorea?

AK/A and A/A

Where is Aeromonas hydrophila found?

Ground water, reservoirs, lakes and rivers

How is an aeromonas infection often acquired?

• eating contaminated foods

• drinking contaminated water

Aeromonas hydrophila grows on BA as?

A beta-hemolytic colony

Aeromonas hydrophlia on MAC is a?

Can be a LF or NLF

What is Aeromonas hydrophila’s gram stain?

Straight gram negative rod

What is aeromonas hydrophila’s reaction on KIA and TSI?

A/A or AK/A, A/A or AK/A

Aeromonas is catalase and oxidase?

Positive

Aeromonas is a glucose?

Fermenter

Aeromonas is indole, VP and motile?

Positive for indole, VP and motility

What is Aeromonas’s LAO reaction?

+/+/-

Can aeromonas tolerate high NaCl?

Intolerant

Aeromonas is —— to vibriostaic agent?

Resistant

Aeromonas is inositol?

Negative

Aeromonas is gelatin and esculin?

Positive

What color colonies does aeromonas form on CIN?

Pink colonies

What group was Plesiomonas shigelloides moved to?

Enterobacteriaceae

Can Plesiomonas shigelloides tolerate salt and break down gelatin?

Intolerant to high salt and can not breakdown gelatin

Plesiomonas grows as a?

Shiny, opaque, nonhemolytic colony

What is plesiomonas’s gram stain?

Straight gram negative rod

Plesiomonas ferments?

Lactose and inositol

What is Plesiomona’s LAO?

+/+/+

Plesiomonas is VP?

Negative

Is plesiomonas susceptible to vibrostaic agent?

Yes

What do most Campylobacters require for growth?

Microaerobic and capnophilic conditions (5-10% O2 to 10% CO2, 85% N2), use CAMY CVA media

What is the gram stain of Camplyobacter?

Faintly staining Curved gram negative rods (S shapes, spirals, gull wings)

What do camplyobacter colonies look like?

“runny” and spreading and are non-hemolytic

How can you tell C. Jejuni and C. Coli appart?

Using hippurate hydrolysis, C. jejuni is positive while C. Coli in negative

What temperature does C. jejuni grow optimally at?

42 degrees as moist colonies that spread along the streak

What temperature do non-thermophilic campylobacters grow at?

37 degrees. Campylobacter fetus

How long are Campy plates held before being reported out?

48-72 hours

Campylobacter fetus is —- on KIA and TSI?

H2S positive

Camplyobacter jejuni and coli are indoxyl acetate___ and susptible to?

Positive and naldixic acid

How can you tell C. fetus and C. jejuni apart?

• grows well at 25-35 degrees and not well at 42

• Hippurate negative

• Naldixic acid resistant

What does Helicobacter pylori cause?

Type B gastritis which is associated with gastric cancer

Can helicobacter pylori be cutured?

No but can be detected through gastric biopsy

What is the gram stain of H. pylori?

Curved, gram negative rod

H. pylori is catalse, oxidase and urease?

Positive for both and is a rapid urease producer.

Campylobacters can also be isolated using?

A milipore filter.

In the urea breath test what is being measured?

CO2, urea given with carbon isotopes(C13). H. pylori is a rapid urea utilizer so while convert the urea to CO2.