Section 8- Piaget, Vygotsky, Attachment

Human Development Section 8

What is attachment?

The emotional bond between a child and caregiver.

Who studied attachment in monkeys?

Harry Harlow.

What did Harlow find?

Contact comfort is more important than food.

Who developed attachment theory?

John Bowlby.

What is an internal working model?

A mental model of relationships based on early experiences.

Who created the Strange Situation?

Mary Ainsworth.

What does the Strange Situation measure?

Attachment style.

What is secure attachment?

Upset when caregiver leaves, calmed when they return.

What is avoidant attachment?

Shows little emotion when caregiver leaves or returns.

What is resistant attachment?

Upset but not comforted upon return.

What is disorganized attachment?

Confused or inconsistent behavior.

What parenting leads to secure attachment?

Warm, responsive, consistent caregiving.

What is temperament?

Inborn emotional and behavioral tendencies.

Who was Jean Piaget?

A theorist of cognitive development stages.

What is a schema?

A mental framework.

What is assimilation?

Adding new info to existing schema.

What is accommodation?

Changing schema to fit new info.

What is equilibration?

Balancing assimilation and accommodation.

What is egocentrism?

Inability to see others’ perspectives.

What is conservation?

Quantity stays the same despite appearance.

What is object permanence?

Objects exist when unseen.

Who was Lev Vygotsky?

A theorist emphasizing social learning.

What is the ZPD?

What a child can do with help.

What is scaffolding?

Support adjusted to learner.

What are phonemes?

Smallest sound units.

When do babies say first words?

Around 12 months.

What is babbling?

Repeating sounds like “baba.”

What is telegraphic speech?

Two-word phrases.

What is fast mapping?

Learning a word quickly.

What is overextension?

Using a word too broadly.

What is underextension?

Using a word too narrowly.

underextension example

saying dog only for their dog (overly specific)

overextension example

saying dog for a cow and a horse

What is overregularization?

Applying grammar rules incorrectly.