Horseshoe bats

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10 Terms

1
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Regarding harmonics, what can be seen in the calls of both species?

More energy is exerted into the second harmonic, sometimes the fundamental is absent.

<p>More energy is exerted into the second harmonic, sometimes the fundamental is absent. </p>
2
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What FMaxE would be expected of LHS?

106-110kHz (H2)

<p>106-110kHz (H2)</p>
3
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What FMaxE would be expected of GHS?

76-85kHz (H2)

<p>76-85kHz (H2)</p>
4
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How do calls change during approach and terminal phases?

The end frequency will decrease as the bat nears the target

<p>The end frequency will decrease as the bat nears the target</p>
5
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What should calls sound like in heterodyne?

Some sort of bubbling or babbling

6
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What should calls sound like in time expansion?

Whistling

7
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<p>What species is most likely here and why?</p>

What species is most likely here and why?

GHS. FMax <100kHz

8
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<p>What species is likely here and why?</p>

What species is likely here and why?

LHS. FMax >100kHz

9
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<p>What is this social call referred to as and how can it be distinguished from Nyctalus?</p>

What is this social call referred to as and how can it be distinguished from Nyctalus?

A long trill. The frequency is too high for Nyctalus.

10
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<p>What is this social call referred to as and how can it be distinguished from Daubenton’s?</p>

What is this social call referred to as and how can it be distinguished from Daubenton’s?

FM arched call. Frequency is too low for Daubenton’s and it sounds completely different.