Rates of Chemical Reaction

Chemical Reaction

A process in which one or more substances (reactants) are converted into one or more different substances (products).

Reactants

The starting substances in a chemical reaction.

Products

The new substances formed after a chemical reaction.

Physical Change

A change that affects the form or physical properties of a substance without changing its chemical composition.

Chemical Change

A change in which one chemical substance is transformed into one or more different substances.

Example of Chemical Change

Iron rusting, where iron is converted into rust.

Collision Theory

States that for a chemical reaction to occur, reacting particles must collide with sufficient energy and the correct orientation.

Activation Energy

The minimum amount of energy that reacting particles must have for a chemical reaction to occur.

Reaction Rate

The speed at which reactants are converted into products.

Concentration

Increasing the number of particles in the same space leads to more frequent collisions and a faster reaction rate.

Temperature

Higher temperature causes particles to move faster, resulting in more frequent and energetic collisions that increase the reaction rate.

Particle Size

Smaller particles have a larger surface area exposed, resulting in more collisions and a faster reaction rate, especially in solids.

Key Idea of Collision Theory

More frequent and effective collisions result in a faster chemical reaction.

Catalyst

A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed or permanently changed during the reaction.