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Fertilization
The process by which sperm and egg combine to form a zygote.
Zygote
The single cell formed by the union of a sperm cell and an egg cell.
Gestation
The period during which an embryo develops within the uterus, leading to the birth of a baby.
Placenta
An organ that develops during pregnancy, providing a connection between the mother and the developing fetus, facilitating nutrient and waste exchange.
Amniotic Sac
A membranous sac that surrounds and protects the fetus.
Amniotic Fluid
The fluid within the amniotic sac, providing a cushion for the fetus and facilitating movement.
Umbilical Cord
A flexible cord connecting the fetus to the placenta, carrying nutrients and oxygen to the fetus and removing waste products.
First Trimester
Weeks 1-12 of pregnancy.
Second Trimester
Weeks 13-26 of pregnancy.
Third Trimester
Weeks 27-40 of pregnancy.
Vernix
A protective, waxy coating on a newborn's skin, present at birth.
Natural/Vaginal Childbirth
The process of giving birth through the vagina, without the use of surgical intervention.
Episiotomy
A surgical incision made in the perineum during childbirth to widen the vaginal opening.
Epidural
An anesthesia method involving injecting pain-relieving medication into the epidural space of the spine to numb the lower part of the body, commonly used during childbirth.
Cesarean Section
A surgical procedure in which a baby is delivered through an incision in the mother's abdomen and uterus, often done when vaginal delivery is deemed risky or not possible.