Environmental Studies Quiz #5

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13 Terms

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Public Policy

  • Strategies that governments can use to "fix” environmental problems

  • Governments attempt to manage or change behavior

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Technological fixes

  • Retrofitting the energy to use diverse renewable energy sources

  • More efficient auto engines with emission control devices that use less fuel and pollute less

  • Insulating houses to cut fuel bills

  • Genetic breeding of more productive seed hybrids

  • Biotechnology

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How can public policy stimulate the adoption of new technology?

  • Public investment

  • Subsides

  • Tax policiees

  • Regulatory mandates

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Behavioral fixes

Use public policy to provide incentives to get us to behave differently

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Behavioral changes

Require incentives or penalties

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Examples of behavioral fixes

  • Getting people to eat lower on the food chain (for ecological and health reasons)

  • Wear sweaters

  • Turn down thermostats in the winter

  • Install attic fans and use AC less during summer

  • Walk, bike, carpool, or use public transportation instead of driving

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Cognitive fixes

  • Attempt to create awarness of problems in people’s minds

  • Little evidence that these strategies work in isolation from others

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Cognitive fixes beliefs

  • If people change their mind, they will change their behavior

  • Rely on public education and media campaigns

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What does cognitive fixes rely on?

It relies on voluntary change and is compatible with norms of personal freedom

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Legal fixes

Mandate change through laws and regulations

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Examples of legal fixes

  • Federal speed limits on interstate highways

  • Requirements to remove lead from gasoline

  • Install antipollution devices

  • Recycle beverage containers or household or industrial hastes

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Why legal fixes mught be unpopular in some places?

They can be unpopular in a society that views government regulation negatively

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Technological and Behavioral strategies

Can be pursued by regulatory or nonregulatory means