theme e

what is crime?

an action that breaks the law and is punishable by the state

what is punishment?

a penalty given for breaking the law

what is good?

that which is morally right and beneficial

what is evil?

that which is profoundly immoral and causes suffering

what is forgiveness?

letting go of resentment and offering mercy to an offender

what is justice?

fairness in the treatment of people and the administration of law

what is retribution?

an aim of punishment where offenders suffer because they deserve it

what is deterrence?

an aim of punishment that discourages crime through fear of consequences

what is reformation?

an aim of punishment that seeks to change offenders for the better

what is protection?

an aim of punishment that keeps society safe from offenders

what is community service?

unpaid work done by offenders to benefit society

what is corporal punishment?

physical punishment deliberately inflicting pain on an offender

what is the death penalty?

a punishment where an offender is executed for a crime

what is sanctity of life?

the belief that life is sacred because it comes from god

what is the principle of utility?

the belief that the best action is the one producing the greatest good for the greatest number

what is a hate crime?

a crime motivated by prejudice against race religion sexuality disability or another characteristic

what is theft?

"taking another person's property without permission"

what is murder?

the unlawful killing of another human being

what are the 5 causes of crime in the aqa specification?

poverty upbringing mental illness addiction greed and hate opposition to an unjust law

how can poverty lead to crime?

people may steal commit fraud or join criminal activity to obtain money or necessities

how can upbringing lead to crime?

poor role models neglect or criminal environments can normalise crime

how can mental illness contribute to crime?

it may impair judgement or increase vulnerability to criminal behaviour

how can addiction lead to crime?

offenders may steal or commit crimes to fund addictions

how can greed lead to crime?

people may break the law to gain wealth power or status

how can hate lead to crime?

prejudice can motivate discrimination violence or hate crimes

how can opposition to an unjust law cause crime?

people may deliberately break laws they believe are unfair

what did jesus teach about forgiveness?

forgive not seven times but seventy-seven times (matthew 18:22)

what christian parable teaches forgiveness?

the parable of the unforgiving servant

what does the parable of the unforgiving servant teach?

those forgiven by god should forgive others

what did jesus say while being crucified?

father forgive them for they do not know what they are doing (luke 23:34)

why do christians support forgiveness?

because god forgives humanity and jesus taught forgiveness

what is one christian argument for punishment?

wrongdoers should face consequences for their actions

what bible quote supports retribution?

an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth (exodus 21:24)

how do most christians interpret "an eye for an eye" today?

as promoting proportionate justice not personal revenge

what christian teaching supports reformation?

people can repent change and be redeemed

what quote supports christian belief in reformation?

there will be more rejoicing in heaven over one sinner who repents (luke 15:7)

why do many christians support prison reform?

they believe offenders can change and deserve a second chance

what is one christian argument for deterrence?

it may prevent future suffering by discouraging crime

what christian teaching supports protection?

governments have a duty to maintain order and protect citizens

what quote supports the authority of governments?

let everyone be subject to the governing authorities (romans 13:1)

what is the catholic view on the death penalty?

it is generally unacceptable because it violates human dignity and life can be protected by other means

why do many christians oppose the death penalty?

because life is sacred and only god should decide when life ends

what quote supports sanctity of life?

god created mankind in his own image (genesis 1:27)

what quote is often used against murder and execution?

you shall not murder (exodus 20:13)

why do some christians support the death penalty?

they argue serious crimes deserve the ultimate punishment and cite old testament justice

what quote is used to support capital punishment?

whoever sheds human blood by humans shall their blood be shed (genesis 9:6)

what is the strongest christian argument against the death penalty?

the sanctity of life means all human life has value

what is one weakness of the death penalty?

innocent people may be executed by mistake

what is one utilitarian argument for the death penalty?

if it protects society and deters crime it may maximise overall happiness

what is one utilitarian argument against the death penalty?

it may not reduce crime and causes irreversible harm

what is the muslim term for crime?

"a violation of allah's law or the law of the land"

what is shirk?

associating partners with allah the gravest sin in islam

"what does the qur'an teach about justice?"

"allah commands justice (qur'an 16:90)"

why is justice important in islam?

"it reflects allah's will and creates a fair society"

what is the muslim view on forgiveness?

forgiveness is encouraged but justice must also be upheld

"what qur'an quote supports forgiveness?"

"the reward of an evil deed is its equivalent but whoever pardons and makes reconciliation his reward is due from allah (qur'an 42:40)"

why do muslims value forgiveness?

allah is merciful and believers should show mercy

what is the muslim view of punishment?

it should deliver justice protect society and encourage repentance

what is the muslim view on reformation?

offenders should be encouraged to repent and return to the right path

what is tawbah?

sincere repentance and turning back to allah

what is the muslim view on the death penalty?

it may be permitted for the most serious crimes under strict conditions

"what qur'an quote supports capital punishment?"

"in the law of equality there is life for you (qur'an 2:179)"

why do some muslims support the death penalty?

it can provide justice and deter serious crimes

why do some muslims oppose widespread use of the death penalty?

allah values mercy and mistakes in judgement are possible

what is the relationship between justice and forgiveness in islam?

both are important and should be balanced

what is the relationship between justice and forgiveness in christianity?

christians seek justice but are called to forgive as god forgives

how could forgiveness reduce crime?

it may break cycles of revenge and encourage rehabilitation

how could punishment reduce crime?

it can deter offenders protect society and reform behaviour

what is a key evaluation point about retribution?

it satisfies justice but may not reduce future crime

what is a key evaluation point about deterrence?

it may prevent crime but does not always address its causes

what is a key evaluation point about reformation?

it can reduce reoffending but may be seen as too lenient

what is a key evaluation point about forgiveness?

it promotes reconciliation but may seem unfair to victims

which quote links mercy and forgiveness in christianity?

blessed are the merciful for they will be shown mercy (matthew 5:7)

which quote links mercy and forgiveness in islam?

"allah is the most compassionate the most merciful (qur'an 1:3)"