embalm II week 2

guides and limits

heart

blood is oxygenated by the ____

aorta

This oxygenated blood leaves the heart in
the ____

Aorta

largest artery in the human body

bifurcates

the first branch off of the arch of the Aorta _____

right subclavian artery & right common carotid artery

the first branch off of the arch of the Aorta bifurcates into ____ & ____

the right side of the body

the bifurcation of the aorta only exists on ____

arteries used for injection of the head and neck

• common carotid artery

• facial artery

arteries used for injection of the trunk

• subclavian

• external iliac

arteries used for injection of the upper extremities

• axillary

• brachial

• radial

• ulnar

arteries used for injection of the lower extremities

• femoral

• popliteal

• anterior tibial

• dorsalis pedis

paired

almost all of the arteries that are discussed will be _____

aorta & brachiocephalic

the ONLY exceptions of NOT paired arteries are ___

right common carotid artery

the most common artery used for injection

right common carotid

• incisions may b evisible after dressing (depending on clothes)

• tubes may leave marks or indentations on the face

• face may be over-injected (swelling)

anatomical guide for the right common carotid

along the medial border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

linear guide for the right common carotid

from the sternoclavicular articulation to the anterior surface of the lobe of the ear

anatomical limit of the right common carotid

begins at the level of the sternoclavicular articulation and terminates at the level of the superior border of the thyroid cartilage

anatomical limit of the left common carotid

• begins at the level of the second costal cartilage and terminates at the superior border of the thyroid cartilage

places of incision of the common carotid

• supraclavicular - along the superior border of the clavicle

• parallel - along the posterior border of the inferior 1/3 of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

accompanying vein of the right common carotid

• internal jugular

• located lateral and superficial in relation to the common carotid artery

anatomical guide of the facial artery

along the inferior border of the mandible, just anterior to the angle of the mandible

anatomical guide of the subclavian artery

the clavicle bone

place of incision of the subclavian artery

along the upper margin of the clavicle, about 1/3 the distance from the shoulder and the root of the neck

anatomical limits of the subclavian artery

right - begins at the sternoclavicular articulation and terminates at the lateral border of the first rib

left - begins at the level of the second costal cartilage and terminates at the lateral border of the first rib

linear guide of the axillary artery

through the center of the base of the axillary space and parallel to the long axis of the upper extremity when abducted

anatomical guide of the axillary artery

posterior to the medial border of the coracobrachialis muscle

anatomical limits of the axillary artery

begins at the lateral border of the fist rib and terminates at the inferior border of the tendon of the teres major muscle

place of incision of the axillary artery

along the anterior margin of the hairline of the axilla

accompanying vein of the axillary artery

• axillary vein

• located medial and superficial in relation to the axillary artery

considerations for using the axillary artery for injection

• close to the face

• close to the center of circulation (heart)

• close to the center of venous drainage

• vessels are relatively superficial

precautions for using the axillary artery for injection

• danger of over-injecting the face

• anomalies of both artery and vein are common

• numerous branches

linear guide of the brachial artery

from the center of the base of the axillary space to the center of the forearm just below the bend of the elbow

anatomical guide of the brachial artery

artery lies posterior to the medial border of the belly of the biceps brachii muscle

anatomical limits of the brachial artery

begins at the inferior border of the tendon of the teres major muscle and terminates at the point just inferior to the antecubital fossa

accompanying vein of the brachial artery

• basilic vein

• located medial and superficial in relation to the brachial artery

place of incision for the brachial artery

along the linear guide

linear guide of the radial artery

on the surface of the forearm from the center of the antecubital fossa to the center of the base of the second digit

anatomical guide of the radial artery

just lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis muscle

place of incision for the radial artery and the ulnar artery

along the linear guide at the area of the wrist

linear guide of the ulnar artery

on the surface of the forearm from the center of the antecubital fossa to the point bw 4th and 5th digits

anatomical guide of the ulnar artery

artery lies lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle (bw the tendons of the flexor carpi ulnaris and the flexor digitorum superficialis

anatomical guide for the external iliac artery

the medial border of the psoas major muscle

femoral

second most common artery used for injection

considerations for using th efemoral artery for injection

• large in size

• lower portion of the body can be embalmed without concern for the face

precautions when using the femoral for injection

• vessels are deep seated, especially in obese cases

• drainage may be difficult to establish and maintain (distance from the heart)

linear guide of the femoral artery

on the surface of the thigh from the center of the inguinal ligament to the center point of the medial condyle of the femur

anatomical guide of the femoral artery

through the center of the femoral triangle (bound laterally by the Sartorius muscle and medially by the adductor longus muscle)

anatomical limits of the femoral artery

artery begins at the point posterior to the center of the inguinal ligament and terminates at the opening of the adductor magnus muscle

place of incision of the femoral artery

along any portion of the superior 2/3 of the lineart guide

accompanying vein of the femoral artery

• femoral vein

• located medial and deep in relation to the femoral artery

linear guide of the popliteal artery

through the center of the popliteal space, parallel to the long axis of the lower extremities

anatomical limits of the popliteal artery

artery begins at the opening of the adductor magnus muscle and terminates at the inferior border of the popliteus muscle

place of incision of the of the popliteal artery

parallel incision on the posteromedial aspect of the thigh, just superior to the popliteal space

linear guide of the anterior tibial artery

from the lateral border of the patella to the anterior surface of the ankle joint

place of incision of the popliteal artery

along the lateral margin of the inferior 1/3 of the crest of the tibia

linear guide of the dorsalis pedis artery

from the center of the anterior surface of the ankle joint to a point bw 1st and 2nd digits

place of incision of the dorsalis pedis artery

along the superior 1/3 of the linear guide