Tissues Ch. 5 Final Review

Histology

Study of tissues

Pathologist

Study of diseased cells and tissues

Epithelial Tissue

Covers body surfaces lines hollow organs and forms glands

Connective Tissue

Binds organs together and stores energy as fat

Muscle Tissue

Movement and force application

Nervous Tissue

Transmits action potentials to activate body functions

Ectoderm

Outermost embryonic layer that forms skin and nervous system

Mesoderm

Middle embryonic layer that forms muscles connective tissue and many organ systems

Endoderm

Innermost embryonic layer that forms digestive and respiratory linings

Cell Junctions

Points of contact between adjacent cell membranes

Tight Junctions

Form fluid seals to prevent leaking between cells

Anchoring Junctions (Desmosomes)

Fasten cells together for strength

Gap Junctions

Allow chemical and electrical signals to pass between cells

Tissues are composed of

Similar specialized cells

Ligaments attach

Bone to bone

Neurons are made up of

Cell body nucleus axon and dendrites

Functions of connective tissue include

Support protection fat storage transport and binding

Exocrine Gland

Secretes substances onto body surfaces

Matrix

Intercellular material made of fibers and ground substance

Stem Cell

Unspecialized cell that divides to form specialized cells

Neuron

Cell specialized to transmit signals

Dense Connective Fibrous Tissue

Forms tendons and ligaments and is very strong