MUS 347 - Jazz in America: Unit 2 Lesson 2

Shortly after jazz spread from New Orleans to Chicago, its focus shifted to New York City because New York was the center of the__________, epicenter of a __________, and center for music__________.

entertainment industry, population boom, innovation

What section of New York City had the largest black population?

Harlem

Harlem became the focus of a cultural and intellectual movement in the 1920s called the __________.

Harlem Renaissance

True or False: Because of the Harlem Renaissance, all nightclub and cabarets admitted black patrons.

false

What new jazz-influenced piano style started in Harlem in the 1920s?

stride

Most stride pianist studied __________.

classical music

__________ pianist assigned rhythm section roles to the left hand.

stride

Stride pianist keeps the beat, played the bass line, and would play the chords all on the __________ hand. Moving from a low bass note to a chord then back over and over again. (This is where it gets its name)

left

Stride pianist assigned rhythm section roles to the __________ hand.

left

Stride pianists' __________ hand plays the melody or improvises.

right

The song "__________" is an example of the left hand striding between the low bass note and chord on each beat, and the right hand playing the melody.

You've Got to Be Modernistic

Many considered __________ to be the greatest jazz virtuoso on any instrument.

Art Tatum

Although __________ was legally blind, he developed a dizzying piano style that was complicated & likeable

Art Tatum

Art Tatum's use of __________ reflects influence of modernist classical style.

chromatic harmonies

__________ is playing chords and scales not found in the home key of a piece.

chromatic harmonies

What large ensemble jazz style(s) developed in New York City in the 1920s.

Swing and Symphonic Jazz

Art Tatum's sophisticated understanding of __________ allowed him to change chords of popular songs.

harmonies

Art Tatum played chords in the __________ hand on all four beats.

left

Stride was the first jazz style that was native to the __________.

piano

__________ presented "An Experiment in Modern Music"

Paul Whiteman

Symphonic Jazz emerged in 1924 when band leader __________ presented "An Experiment in Modern Music"

Paul Whiteman

"An experiment in Modern Music" by Paul Whiteman, opened with "__________" and closed with "__________."

Livery Stable Blues, Rhapsody blues

Paul Whiteman recruited __________, __________, __________, and __________ to his band.

Bix Beiderbecke, Frankie Trumbauer, Eddie Lang, Bing Crosby

__________ adapted aspects of Louis Armstrong's style into his singing.

Bing Crosby

The song "Rhapsody in Blues" uses a __________ in the clarinets opening line. This piece also uses __________ & extended use of __________.

variable intonation, blue notes, syncopation

__________ provided music for the Roseland Ballroom in New York City.

Fletcher Henderson

By 1926 Fletcher Henderson was one of the best known __________(s) in New York.

jazz orchestra

__________ hired Louis Armstrong, Coleman Hawkins, Lester Young, and Don Redman.

Fletcher Henderson

Fletcher Henderson, Don Redman, and Duke Ellington where the figures that birthed the new jazz style known as __________.

swing

Sidney Bechet and Will Marion performed together in Europe in a jazz group known as __________.

Southern Syncopated Orchestra

The best known jazz group to emerge in Europe was __________ in 1934.

Quintette du Hot Club de France

True or False: The Quintette du Hot Club de France based in Paris was an acoustic string ensemble featuring all string instruments.

true

__________ and __________ where the two start musicians in the group Quintette du Hot Club de France.

Django Reinhardt, Stephane Grappelli

__________ was a Belgian-born Gypsy who grew up in a settlement near Paris.

Django Reinhardt

__________ was badly burned & lost function of two of the fingers on his left (fret) hand. He amazingly taught himself to play a single not line with only two fingers. Became one of the best guitarist to date.

Django Reinhardt

Who is often called "the father of stride piano?"

James P. Johnson

What top stride pianist and composer of jazz classics was a student of James P. Johnson?

Fats Waller

What top stride pianist was legally blind and who many consider the greatest jazz virtuoso on any instrument?

Art Tatum

What bandleader presented an event in New York City in which symphonic jazz emerged?

Paul Whiteman

What bandleader provided music for the Roseland Ballroom to set the stage for the birth of a new jazz style called swing?

Fletcher Henderson

What composition opened in the event called An Experiment in Modern Music in which symphonic jazz emerged?

Livery Stable Blues

What was the best known jazz group to emerge in Europe in 1930s?

Quintette du Hot Club de France

True or False: The Quintette du Hot Club de France two star musicians were violinist Django Reinhardt and lead guitarist Stéphane Grappelli.

false