Cultural Patterns and Religious Beliefs in Human Geography U3

Acculturation

Process of adopting only certain customs that will be to their advantage

Assimilation

Process of less dominant cultures losing their culture to a more dominant culture

Cultural core/periphery pattern

The core-periphery idea that the core houses main economic power of region and the outlying region or periphery houses lesser economic ties

Cultural Ecology

The geographic study of human environmental relationships

Cultural Identity

Ones belief in belonging to a group or certain cultural aspect

Cultural Landscape

The visible imprint of human activity on the landscape

Culture

The body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a group of people's distinct tradition.

Formal (Uniform)

An area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics

Functional (Nodal)

Region organized at a node or focal point

Vernacular (perceptual-regional self-awareness)

A place that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity

Expansion

The spread of one feature from one place to another in a snowballing process

Hierarchical

The spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places

Contagious

The rapid widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population

Stimulus

The spread of an underlying principle when the characteristic fails to diffuse

Relocation

The spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another

Innovation Adoption

Study of how why and at what rate new technology spreads throughout a culture

Maladaptive diffusion

Diffusion of a process with negative side effects or What works well in one region may not in another

Sequence Occupancy

Refers to such cultural succession and its lasting imprint proposed by Derwent Whittlesey

Religion

The faithfulness to codified beliefs and rituals that generally involve a faith in a spiritual nature.

Animism

Belief that objects, such as plants and stones, or natural events, like thunderstorms and earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and life.

Buddhism

The third of the world's major universalizing religions. It has 365 million adherents especially in China and Southeast Asia.

Cargo Cult Pilgrimage

Cargo Cult's believe western goods have been traded to them by ancestral spirits.

Christianity

A monotheistic religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament.

Confucianism

Developed by earlier Chinese man Confucius, it's a complex system of moral, social, political, and religious thought.

Ethnic Religion

A religion with a rather concentrated distribution whose principles are likely to be based on the physical characteristics of the particular location where its adherents are located. are often closely tied to the cultural identity and heritage of a specific group, emphasizing traditions and practices unique to that ethnic community.

Exclave/Enclave

a country or part of a country mostly surrounded by the territory of another country; is one which is geographically separated from the main part by surrounding alien territory.

Fundamentalism

Literal interpretation and strict adherence to basic principles of a religion.

Geomancy

A method of prediction that interprets markings on the ground, or how handfuls of dirt land when someone tosses them.

Hajj

The pilgrimage to Mecca for Islam followers; it's the fifth of the five pillars.

Hinduism

Created in India, approximately one billion followers; heaven isn't always the ultimate goal in life.

Interfaith boundaries

The boundaries between the world's major faiths, such as Christianity, Muslim, and Buddhism.

Islam

It means the submission to the will of god; a monotheistic religion originating with the teachings of Muhammad.

Jainism

Religion and philosophy originating in ancient India that stresses spiritual independence and equality throughout all life.

Judaism

The religion of ancient Hebrews, said to be one of the first monotheistic faiths.

Landscapes of the dead

The certain areas where people have commonly been buried.

Monotheism/polytheism

belief in one god and belief in many gods.

Mormonism

A term used to describe religious, ideological, and cultural aspects of the various denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement.

Muslim pilgrimage

If physically and financially able, a Muslim makes a pilgrimage to Makkah (Mecca), usually around Ramadan.

Muslim population

It is the religion of 1.3 billion people in the world, predominantly in the Middle East.

Proselytic Religion

Referred to as a Universalizing Religion, which is an attempt to be global, to appeal to all people, wherever they may live in the world, not just to those of one culture or location.

Reincarnation

after this life you will come back in another life either as a plant, animal, or a human life.

Religion (groups, places)

One group is universalizing religions. These are Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism. There's also ethnic religions, such as, Hinduism, Daoism, and Confucianism.

Religious architectural styles

These are the styles of architecture created by the religions.

Religious Conflict

This is the conflicts between religions. One of these is Israel-Palestine.

Religious Culture Hearth

This is where most religions are born. Most major religions have come from the Middle East near Israel, but a few have come from India too.

Religious toponym

This refers to the origin and meaning of the names of religions.

Sacred space

place where religious figures and congregations meet to perform religious ceremonies.

Secularism

This is the belief that humans should be based on facts and not religious beliefs.

Shamanism

This is the range of traditional beliefs and practices that claim the ability to cure, heal, and cause pain to people.

Sharia law

It is the legal framework within which public and some private aspects of life are regulated for those living in a legal system based on Muslim principles.

Shintoism

Said to be the way of god. It is the native religion of Japan and was once its state religion.

Sikhism

Is a religion that began in sixteenth century Northern India.

Cultural Adaptation

new people adapt to the culture of the previously existing people