attachment

attachment

an emotional tie or relationship shown between two people in their behaviour

reciprocity

responding to an action of another with a similar action (meltzoff & moore)

interactional synchrony

the coordination between the speech of a speaker and the movements of a listener during an interaction (condon & sander)

evaluation of research

+ the research is important when understanding how children understand what others think and feel

-unreliable

-hard to replicate

-behaviour observed may not be intentional

asocial stage

birth-6 weeks

non-social stage

indiscriminate stage

6 weeks- 3 months

babies can now distinguish between people and objects but still dont pay attention to difference between people

specific

10 months

the baby has now formed a strong bond with a particular individual

multiple attachments

the baby shows attachment behaviours towards several different people

schaffer & emerson

+ecological validity

-low temporal validity

They found that in 65% of cases the primary attachment figure was the mother

main animal studies

lorenez- goslings

harlow- rhesus monkeys

schaffer & emerson method

60 glaswegian babies and tried to see reaction of baby to strangers

measured separation anxiety and stranger distress

schaffer & emerson findings

specific attachment occurs at around 7 months

mother is primary-65% (father-3%)

in 30% of cases there was multiple attachments

the role of the father

more involved in play behaviour

lorenz goslings study

aim- investigate formation of attachment in goslings

procedure- 2 conditions where one saw lorenz as soon as they were born others didnt

findings- ones that saw him first followed him as if he were their mother

harlow rhesus monkeys

aim- determine if attachment was based on comfort or food

procedure- 8 monkeys with 2 surrogate mothers that provided food or comfort. Would make a bang noise and see who the monkey ran to

findings-