Science Test

Flashcards about Digestion, Breathing, Circulation, Muscles, Bones, Microscopes, and Cells

Mechanical Digestion

Physically breaking food into smaller pieces.

Chemical Digestion

Breaking down food using enzymes, acids, and other chemicals.

Biting

Incisors, canine teeth. Slicing food into smaller pieces.

Oesophagus

Pushes food to stomach via peristalsis.

Stomach

Mixes food, releases acid and enzymes to digest proteins. Sphincter stops food from being vomited out. Mucus stops the stomach from digesting itself. Gastric acid kills bacteria and digests.

Small Intestine

Main site for chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients.

Large Intestine

Absorbs water and minerals, forms faeces.

Rectum/Anus

Stores and removes waste.

Liver

Produces bile.

Gallbladder

Stores bile.

Pancreas

Produces enzymes.

Nose

Filters, warms, moistens air.

Trachea

Air passage to lungs.

Bronchi

Split from trachea to lungs.

Bronchioles

Smaller branches inside lungs.

Alveoli

Tiny air sacs where gas exchange happens.

Diaphragm

Muscle that helps air move in and out.

Cilia

Filter dust and microbes from the air.

Right Side of Heart

Receives deoxygenated blood, pumps to lungs.

Left Side of Heart

Receives oxygenated blood, pumps to rest of body.

Atrium

Receive blood.

Ventricle

Pump blood.

Oxygenated Blood

Rich in oxygen.

Deoxygenated Blood

Low in oxygen, high in CO₂.

Red Blood Cells

Carry oxygen using haemoglobin.

Arteries

Carry blood away from heart.

Veins

Carry blood to heart.

Capillaries

Exchange gases and nutrients between blood and cells.

Skeleton

Supports the body, protects organs, helps movement.

Hinge Joint

Elbow, knee joints.

Ball and Socket Joint

Shoulder, hip joints.

Pivot Joint

Neck joint.

Eyepiece

Look through it.

Objective Lenses

Different magnifications.

Stage

Holds the slide.

Light Source

Shines light through slide.

Coarse/Fine Focus

Adjusts focus.

Nucleus

Controls the cell.

Cell Membrane

Controls what enters/leaves.

Cytoplasm

Where reactions happen.

Mitochondria

Release energy.

Chloroplasts

Photosynthesis in Plant Cells

Vacuole

Stores Sap in Plant Cells

Multicellular

Made of many cells.

Unicellular

One cell does everything.

eyes/ears/nose

See, hear and smell food which creates saliva.

Saliva

Helps with digestion (chemical) by breaking down food in the mouth.

Duodenum

The first section of the small intestine, where digestion occurs as it receives bile and pancreatic juices.