Networking, Addressing, and Communication Lesson 008: Network Communications

Ports

Logical communication endpoints that allow a device to send or receive data through specific applications or services.

What are the two types of ports?

Inbound and outbound ports?

What do inbound ports do?

Listens for incoming connections.

What are example of inbound ports?

Ports 80 and 443.

What is port 80 used for?

Is the HTTP port used for transmitting unencrypted web traffic in plain text.

What is port 443 used for?

Is the HTTPS port, used for transmitting encrypted web traffic with SSL/TLS protocols.

What is the purpose of outbound ports?

Dynamically opened by a client device when initiating a connection.

What happens when a client device attempts to access a website?

Device attempts connection > opens a random high-numbered port > makes connection request over port 80 or 443.

What is the range for port numbers?

0-65,535.

What are the three categories of ports?

Well-known ports, registered ports, and dynamic and private ports.

What is the port range for the well-known ports range?

0-1,023.

Who standardized the well-known ports?

The IANA.

What does IANA stand for?

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority.

What uses port 22?

Secure Shell.

What is the port range for the registered ports range?

1,023-49,151.

What uses the registered ports range?

Applications and services.

What uses port 1433?

Microsoft's SQL server.

What uses port 3389?

RDP.

What does RDP stand for?

Remote Desktop Protocol.

What is the port range for Dynamic and Private ports?

49,152-65-535.

What is unique about the dynamic and private ports?

They are not assigned by the IANA and can be used freely by any application or developer.

What are dynamic and private ports most often used for?

Temporary outbound connections.

What are examples of temporary outbound connections?

Web browsing, online gaming, and video chatting.

Why is it important to know the categories of outbound ports?

Helps identify intended use, manage network traffic, and troubleshooting connectivity issues.

What is port 445 used for?

The SMB.

What does SMB stand for?

Server Message Block.

What is the common cause for the inability to access a file share on a Windows network?

Port 445 is being blocked by the firewall.

What is important to know when it comes to ports, regarding digital security?

Which ports are open and closed.