Chemistry Chapter 8 Study Guide
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All definitions you need to know for Chemistry Honors Chapter 8
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49 Terms
What is the Octect Rule?
Atoms will gain, lose, or share electrons to reach stability in their valence shell
What does sharing of valence electrons result in?
Stable electron configuration
What is a covalent bond?
A chemical bond that results from the sharing of valence electrons
What does a covalent bond form?
A molecule
What is a shared pair?
A covalently bonded pair of electrons
What is a lone pair?
An unbonded pair of electrons
What is a single covalent bond?
The bond when two atoms share electrons
What is a sigma bond?
An electron pair shared by the direct overlap of bonding orbitals
What are in multiple covalent bonds?
A sigma bond and a pi bond
What is bond-disslocation energy?
The energy required to break a covalent bond
What happens to energy in an endothermic reaction?
It is absorbed
What happens to energy in an exothermic reaction?
It is released
What is the common name for sodium hydrogen carbonate?
Baking Soda
What is NaHCO3?
Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate
What is the common name for sodium chloride?
Table Salt
What is the common name for NH3?
Ammonia
What is the common name for N2H4?
Hydrazine
What is the common name for NO?
Nitric Oxide
What is an oxyacid?
An acid with a hydrogen atom and an oxyanion
What is the correct naming for Diphosphorous Trioxide?
P2O3
Name the compound S2F10
Disulfur Decaflouride
What is HCL?
Hydrochloric acid
What is the common name for HCL?
Stomach acid
What is the proper name for stomach acid?
HCL
What is HNO3?
Nitric acid
What is the proper name for Nitric acid?
HNO3
What is H2SO4?
Sulfuric acid
What is the proper name for sulfuric acid?
H2SO4
What is H2CO3?
Carbonic acid
Where can you find H2CO3?
In blood
What is the proper name for blood?
H2CO3
What is H3PO4?
Phosphoric acid
What is the proper name for phosphoric acid?
H3PO4
What is CH3COOH?
Acetic acid
What is the common name for CH3COOH?
Vinegar
What is the proper name for vinegar?
CH3COOH
What is the proper name for H2O?
Dihydrogen monoxide
Name Chlorine Triflouride
CLF3
Molecules that produce H+ are…
Acids
What kind of reaction happens when bonds are formed?
Exothermic
What kind of reaction happens when bonds are broken?
Exothermic
What is resonance?
When a single Lewis structure can’t fully describe a molecule’s bonds
What does the VSEPR Model stand for?
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Model