3.1 Reaction thermodynamics, eq, kinetics

thermodynamics

describes the energy and entropy transformations in biochemical and chemical reactions.

what are the two system types for reactions

closed and open systems

closed systems

energy and materials are retained within the system during any reaction or transformation.

open system

energy and materials can be exchanged with the surrounding environment during the reaction or transformation.

What kind of system is a cell or living organism

OPEN

first law of thermo

energy is conserved

energy can be converted from one form to another,

but the total energy remains the same during a reaction.

deltaE = Q + W, define:

where deltaE = change in internal energy of the system Q = heat transferred into/out of the system W = work done by/on the system

delta e and delta h (enthalpy) can be

interchanged in terms of a biological system

reactions will generally be more favoable if there is a

decrease in enthalpy

delta H or enthalpy

heat evolved in a reaction at a constant pressure

formula for enthalpy

delta H = final - intiial

enthalpy is a

state function

caloimeter

measures the heat of a reaction

Q is the

heat absorbed by the system

exothermic

delta H < 0

exothermic: gives off heat

fomring ice is

exothermic

endotermic

delta H greater than 0

reaction absorbs heat

melting ice is

endothermic

Second Law of thermodynamics

systems will tend toward disorder