A1.1 Water

hydrogen bonds in water

Water can form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules (between a δ+ hydrogen and a δ- oxygen of two molecules)

polar covalent bond

A covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally

Cohesion

Attraction between molecules of the same substance

Adhesion

An attraction between molecules of different substances

Solvent

A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances

Metabolism

All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism

Xylem

vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant

surface tension

A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid

capillary action

the movement of water against the force of gravity

Hydrophobic

Water fearing

Hydrophilic

water loving

buoyancy

The ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object placed in it

Viscosity

A liquid's resistance to flowing

thermal conductivity

The ability of an object to transfer heat

specific heat capacity

the energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius

Apoplast Pathway (water movement)

Water slides between cell membrane and cell wall, but eventually water cannot cross the Casparian strip and thus is transferred to the cytoplasm of the endodermis in an osmotic gradient move