Ch-1 to 6, All Headings, Business Studies

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Ch-1 to 6, All Headings, Business Studies, Full in Book Language

Last updated 9:22 AM on 7/29/26

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Mention the 3 headings under Concept of Management.

1. Management is a process 2. Management requires effective performance 3. Management needs efficiency

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List the 7 characteristics/features of Management.

Management is a goal-oriented process
2. Management is all-pervasive
3. Management is multidimensional
4. Management is a continuous process
5. Management is a group activity
6. Management is a dynamic function
7. Management is an intangible force

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Name the 3 dimensions of Management as a multidimensional activity.

1. Management of work 2. Management of people 3. Management of operations

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State the 3 objectives of Management.

1. Organizational objectives 2. Social objectives 3. Personal or individual objectives

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Mention the 3 organizational objectives of Management.

1. Survival 2. Profit 3. Growth

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Outline the 5 points showing the significance/importance of Management.

1. Management helps in achieving group goals 2. Management increases efficiency 3. Management creates a dynamic organization 4. Management helps in achieving personal objectives 5. Management helps in the development of society

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Identify the 3 aspects showing the Nature of Management.

1. Management as an art 2. Management as a science 3. Management as a profession

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List the 3 features of Management as an art.

1. Existence of theoretical knowledge 2. Personalized application 3. Based on practice and creativity

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Name the 3 features of Management as a science.

1. Systematised body of knowledge 2. Principles based on observation and experimentation 3. Universal validity

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Mention the 5 features of Management as a profession.

1. Well-defined body of knowledge 2. Restricted entry 3. Professional association 4. Ethical code of conduct 5. Service motive

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State the 3 levels of Management.

1. Top-level management 2. Middle-level management 3. Operational or supervisory (lower-level) management

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List the 5 functions of Management.

1. Planning 2. Organising 3. Staffing 4. Directing 5. Controlling

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Mention the 2 headings under Coordination: Essence of Management.

1. Coordination is needed in all management functions 2. Coordination is needed at all levels

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Name the 6 features/characteristics of Coordination.

1. Coordination integrates group efforts 2. Coordination ensures unity of action 3. Coordination is a continuous process 4. Coordination is an all-pervasive function 5. Coordination is the responsibility of managers 6. Coordination is a deliberate function

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Outline the 3 points showing the importance of Coordination.

1. Growth in size 2. Functional differentiation 3. Specialisation

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List the 7 characteristics/features of Principles of Management.

1. Universal applicability 2. General guidelines 3. Formed by practice and experimentation 4. Flexible 5. Mainly behavioural 6. Cause and effect relationship 7. Contingent

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State the 6 points showing the necessity/need/significance/importance of Principles of Management.

1. Providing managers with useful insights into reality 2. Optimum use of resources and effective administration 3. Scientific decisions 4. Meeting changing environment requirements 5. Fulfilling social responsibility 6. Management training, education and research

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Mention the 4 principles of Scientific Management.

1. Science, not rule of thumb 2. Harmony, not discord 3. Cooperation, not individualism 4. Development of workers to their greatest efficiency and prosperity

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List the 7 techniques of Scientific Management.

1. Functional foremanship 2. Standardisation and simplification of work 3. Method study 4. Motion study 5. Time study 6. Fatigue study 7. Differential piece wage system

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Name the 4 studies under Work Study.

1. Method study 2. Motion study 3. Time study 4. Fatigue study

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Mention the 4 functions under the Planning Department in Functional Foremanship.

1. Instruction Card Clerk 2. Route Clerk 3. Time and Cost Clerk 4. Disciplinarian

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Mention the 4 functions under the Production Department in Functional Foremanship.

1. Speed Boss 2. Gang Boss 3. Repair Boss 4. Inspector

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List the 14 principles of management developed by Henri Fayol.

1. Division of work 2. Authority and responsibility 3. Discipline 4. Unity of command 5. Unity of direction 6. Subordination of individual interest to general interest 7. Remuneration of employees 8. Centralisation and decentralisation 9. Scalar Chain 10. Order 11. Equity 12. Stability of personnel 13. Initiative 14. Esprit de Corps

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List the 7 Characteristics/Features of Business Environment.

1. Totality of external forces 2. Specific and general forces 3. Interrelatedness 4. Dynamic nature 5. Uncertainty 6. Complexity 7. Relativity

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State the 6 points showing the Importance of Business Environment.

1. It enables the firm to identify opportunities and getting the first mover advantage 2. Helps the firm to identify threats and early warning signals 3. Helps in tapping resources 4. Helps in coping with rapid changes 5. Helps in sustained planning and policy formulation 6. Helps in improving performance

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Mention the 2 Dimensions/Elements of Business Environment.

1. General environment 2. Specific environment

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Name the 5 Dimensions/Elements of General Environment.

1. Economic environment 2. Social environment 3. Technological environment 4. Political environment 5. Legal environment

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List the 7 Features/Nature/Characteristics of Planning.

1. Planning focuses on achieving objectives 2. Planning is a primary function of management 3. Planning is pervasive 4. Planning is continuous 5. Planning is futuristic 6. Planning involves decision making 7. Planning is a mental exercise

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State the 6 points showing the Importance of Planning.

1. Planning provides directions 2. Planning reduces risk of uncertainty 3. Planning reduces overlapping and wasteful activities 4. Planning promotes innovative ideas 5. Planning facilitates decision making 6. Planning establishes standards for controlling

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Mention the 6 Limitations of Planning.

1. Planning leads to rigidity 2. Planning may not work in a dynamic environment 3. Planning reduces creativity 4. Planning involves huge costs 5. Planning is a time-consuming process 6. Planning does not guarantee success

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List the 7 steps in the Planning Process.

1. Setting objectives 2. Developing premises 3. Identifying alternative courses of action 4. Evaluating alternative courses 5. Selecting an alternative 6. Implementing the plan 7. Follow-up action

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State the 2 types of Plans.

1. Single-use plans 2. Standing plans

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Name the 2 plans that are neither Single-use Plans nor Standing Plans.

1. Objectives 2. Strategy

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Mention the 4 Standing Plans.

1. Policies 2. Procedures 3. Methods 4. Rules

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List the 2 Single-use Plans.

1. Programme 2. Budget

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List the 4 steps in the Process of Organizing.

1. Identification and division of work 2. Departmentalisation (Grouping of work) 3. Assignment of duties 4. Establishing reporting relationships

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State the 7 points showing the Importance of Organizing.

1. Benefits of specialization 2. Clarity in working relationships 3. Optimum utilization of resources 4. Adaptation to change 5. Effective administration 6. Development of personnel 7. Expansion and growth

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Mention the 2 types of Organization Structure.

1. Functional structure 2. Divisional structure

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List the 6 Advantages of Functional Structure.

1. Functional specialization 2. Effective control and coordination 3. Improves efficiency 4. Avoids duplication 5. Ease in training 6. Proper attention

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Mention the 5 Disadvantages of Functional Structure.

1. Functional empire 2. Difficulty in coordination 3. Conflict of interest 4. Inflexibility 5. Difficult to hold accountable

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State the 4 Advantages of Divisional Structure.

1. Product specialization 2. Greater accountability 3. Flexibility 4. Expansion and growth

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List the 3 Disadvantages of Divisional Structure.

1. Departmental conflicts 2. Costly 3. Ignore organizational interests

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Mention the 2 broad categories of organization on the basis of relationship.

1. Formal organization 2. Informal organization

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List the 5 Advantages of Formal Organization.

1. Fixation of responsibility 2. Clarity of duties 3. Unity of command 4. Helpful in achieving objectives 5. Provides stability

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State the 3 Disadvantages of Formal Organization.

1. Procedural delays 2. Inadequate recognition to creative talent 3. Ignores human element

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Mention the 3 Advantages of Informal Organization.

1. Faster communication 2. Fulfils social needs 3. Helps in achieving organizational objectives

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List the 3 Disadvantages of Informal Organization.

1. Spread of rumours 2. Resistance to change 3. Pressure of group norms

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Name the 3 elements/process of Delegation.

1. Authority 2. Responsibility 3. Accountability

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State the 6 points showing the Importance of Delegation of Authority.

1. Effective management 2. Employee development 3. Motivation of employees 4. Facilitation of growth 5. Basis of management hierarchy 6. Better coordination

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List the 6 points showing the Importance of Decentralization.

1. Develops initiative among subordinates 2. Develops managerial talent for the future 3. Quick decision making 4. Relief to top management 5. Facilitates growth 6. Better control

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State the 5 points showing the Importance of Staffing.

1. Filling jobs with competent personnel 2. Better performance 3. Survival and growth 4. Optimum utilization of human resources 5. Improves job satisfaction and morale

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List the 3 stages in the Evolution of Human Resource Management.

1. Labour Welfare Officer 2. Personnel Manager 3. Human Resource Manager

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Mention the 8 stages in the Staffing Process.

1. Estimating the manpower requirements 2. Recruitment 3. Selection 4. Placement and orientation 5. Training and development 6. Performance appraisal 7. Promotion and career planning 8. Compensation

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Name the 2 analyses involved in Estimating the Manpower Requirements.

1. Workload analysis 2. Workforce analysis

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State the 3 aspects/components of Staffing.

1. Recruitment 2. Selection 3. Training

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Mention the 2 Sources of Recruitment.

1. Internal sources 2. External sources

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List the 2 Internal Sources of recruitment.

1. Promotion 2. Transfer

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Name the 10 External Sources of recruitment.

1. Direct recruitment 2. Casual callers 3. Advertisement 4. Employment exchange 5. Placement agencies and management consultants 6. Campus recruitment 7. Recommendation of employees 8. Labour contractors 9. Advertisement on television 10. Web publishing

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State the 5 Merits of Internal Sources (Not concrete headings, only bolds).

1. Motivates the employees 2. Simplifies the process of selection and placement 3. No need for induction training 4. Shifting surplus workforce 5. Economical/Cheaper

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Mention the 5 Demerits of Internal Sources (Not concrete headings, only bolds).

1. Prevents induction of fresh talent 2. Employees may become lethargic 3. Not suitable for new organisations 4. Reduces the spirit of competition 5. Reduces creativity

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List the 4 Merits of External Sources.

1. Qualified personnel 2. Wider choice 3. Fresh talent 4. Competitive spirit

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State the 3 Demerits/Limitations of External Sources.

1. Dissatisfaction among existing staff 2. Lengthy process 3. Costly process

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Mention the 8 stages in the Selection Process.

1. Preliminary screening 2. Selection tests 3. Employment interview 4. Reference and background checks 5. Selection decision 6. Medical examination 7. Job offer 8. Contract of employment

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List the 5 Importance/Benefits of Training and Development to the Organization.

1. Systematic learning 2. Increased productivity 3. Prepare future managers 4. Boost morale of employees 5. Better response to fast-changing environment

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State the 4 Importance/Benefits of Training and Development to the Employees.

1. Career growth 2. Increased earnings 3. Safety of employees 4. High morale

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Mention the 2 Methods of Training.

1. On-the-job training methods 2. Off-the-job training methods

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List the 3 On-the-job Training Methods.

1. Induction training (Orientation training) 2. Apprenticeship programmes 3. Internship training

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Name the 1 Off-the-job Training Method.

1. Vestibule training