BIOL304 Exam 3 Practice Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering bacterial genetics, viral replication, and DNA replication mechanisms based on the BIOL304 Exam 3 transcript.

Auxotrophs

Bacterial strains that have mutations in enzymes needed to make essential nutrients such as leucine.

F factor

A Fertility Plasmid in bacteria.

Lysogenic cycle

The life cycle during which a temperate bacteriophage integrates into the host genome.

Antibiotic resistance marker

A role on a plasmid that breaks the coat and kills the virus.

Viruses

Agents that can infect bacteria.

Agar

A substance that must be added to bacterial media to make it solidify.

Bacterial colony

A cluster generally grown from a single bacteria.

Bacterial transformation

Process where bacteria take DNA from the environment.

Reverse transcriptase

The enzyme used by HIV during replication.

Genetic shift

In influenza, the result of recombination with other strains of virus.

Petite mutations

Mutations in yeast caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA.

DNA polymerase I

The DNA polymerase responsible for replacing RNA primers with DNA.

Semiconservative replication

The currently accepted model for DNA replication.

Theta DNA replication

A type of DNA replication that is generally bidirectional.

Rolling circle replication

The method by which F plasmid (Fertility Plasmid) DNA is typically replicated.

Single Strand Binding Protein

Proteins that keep DNA strands from sticking back together when they are separated during replication.

DNA helicase

An enzyme needed during DNA replication in order to separate the two strands of DNA.

Leading strand

The strand in DNA replication where synthesis is continuous.