types of LTM gap fill

Saying that procedural memories are implicit means that …

they enable people to perform tasks with little or no conscious thought

Saying that procedural memories are non-declarative means that ...

They are difficult to explain how to do in words but easy to do

Saying that procedural memories are not time-stamped means that ...

We don’t often remember learning them

Procedural memories include …

riding a bike, walking, getting dressed, writing with a pen, kicking a football 

Procedural memories enable people to perform tasks automatically, meaning that …

we are less aware of them and if you try to think about them your ability to perform those actions can actually be impaired

Episodic memory is memory for ... 

autobiographical record of personal experiences

Episodic memory contains information about the following four things:

• What happened

• Where it happened

• When it happened

• What emotions were experienced 

Saying that episodic memories are explicit means that ...

we typically demonstrate episodic memories by consciously recalling them

Saying that episodic memories are declarative means that …  

they are things that could easily be told to someone else

Saying that episodic memories are time-stamped means that …

we remember when the event happened not just what happened 

What does it mean to say that episodic memories are reconstructive? ...

We often fail to recall detailed and accurate information about a particular event and instead use schemas to enable us to make sense of an event

What does it mean to say that episodic memories are complex? ...

Many different parts of the brain are used in creating a full memory

Semantic memories are declarative, in that …

we can state what it is that we remember

Semantic memories are explicit, in that …

we typically demonstrate semantic memories by consciously recalling them

Semantic memory is memory for ...

Knowledge about the world that is shared by people rather than specific events that have happened

Why has semantic memory has been likened to a type of dictionary plus encyclopaedia? …

it will include information such as all the facts, concepts and meanings an individual has learned

Why might semantic memories begin as episodic? …

because we acquire our knowledge through personal experience

How are categories part of semantic memory? …

they enable us to know what things are and how to deal with them