HHD- Unit 2-SAT 1B

Amniotic fluid

the fluid surrounding the embryo/foetus that protects the unborn baby

Antenatal care

relates to the medical care given to pregnant women before their babies are born

Cell differentiation

when cells take on specialised roles

Cephalocaudal development

development that occurs from the head downwards

Chromosomes

strands of DNA that contain genetic information

Developmental milestone

the average age at which a child achieves skills such as crawling or standing or saying its first word

Ectopic pregnancy

a pregnancy that occurs outside the uterus, often in one of the fallopian tubes

Embryo

cell mass from approximately the second to the eighth week after fertilisation

Endometrium

the nutrient-rich lining of the uterine wall in which the ovum (blastocyst) embeds or that is expelled every month if pregnancy does not occur

fertalisation

the fusing of a sperm and an egg cell. Marks the beginning of pregnancy. Also known as conception.

fertility

the natural capability to produce offspring

Fine motor skills

the coordination of small muscle groups such as those in the hands

Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder

describes a range of features seen in babies who have been exposed to alcohol while in the womb

Genes

the blueprint of the body that controls growth, development and how the body functions

Gross motor skills

the coordination of large muscle groups such as those in the arms and legs

Health literacy

relates to how people access, understand and use health information and services in ways that promote and maintain health and wellbeing

implantation

when a cluster of cells that will become an embryo attaches itself to the endometrium

IVF

a medical procedure whereby an ovum is fertilised by sperm in a laboratory

Intergenerational health

the health and wellbeing of one generation affects the health and wellbeing of the next

Neural tube defects

failure of the neural tube (which develops into the central nervous system) to close during the development of the embryo, resulting in conditions such as spina bifida

Parenting

the process of promoting the physical, emotional, social and intellectual development and health and wellbeing of a child from birth to adulthood

Placenta

an organ that allows the transfer of nutrients, gases and wastes between mother and foetus

Protective factor

something that enhances the likelihood of a positive health and wellbeing outcome and lessens the likelihood of negative health and wellbeing outcomes from exposure to risk

Proximodistal development

development that occurs from the core or centre of the body outwards towards the extremities

Risk factor

something that increases the likelihood of developing disease or injury

Social support

informal or practical assistance from relatives, friends, neighbours or the community

Stressor

something perceived as a challenge that causes a state of strain, tension or stress

Teratogen

anything in the environment of the embryo that can cause defects in development. Examples include tobacco smoke, alcohol, prescription medication and some diseases, such as rubella.

Zygote

cell created when an ovum is fertilised by a sperm

Fallopian tube

a pair of tubes along which eggs travel from the ovaries to the uterus.

Ovulation

the process in which an egg is released from an ovary.

Ova/Ovum

the female reproductive cell, or gamete, produced in the ovaries.

SUDI

Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy