VTNE Practice Exam A

A vial of penicillin contains 2,000,000 units of the dry drug. To make the penicillin into a solution that contains 400,000 units per milliliter, how much diluent is needed?

5mL

When an anesthetized patient is to be placed on a circular or semiclosed anesthesia circuit, the correct reservoir bag size is determined by using which of the following?

60 mL/kg

It is necessary to immunize ferrets against:

canine distemper

Endotracheal intubation of the horse is usually performed:

blindly

In an anesthetized patient, hypocarbia (hypocapnia) could be attributed to:

excess artificial ventilation

Which solution is contraindicated as a surgical prep if electrocautery is being used during the procedure?

Isopropyl alcohol

Ivermectin is classified as which type of agent?

Anthelmintic

When discharging a patient that is wearing a fentanyl patch, instructions to the owners should include:

proper use and disposal of the patch

Acepromazine is classified as a/an:

tranquilizer

The correct names of the four valves of the heart are:

mitral, pulmonic, aortic, and tricuspid

If anaphylaxis occurs after the administration of any vaccine or drug, which drug will best reverse the effect of shock?

Epinephrine

In treating hypovolemic shock in the canine, the most important form of therapy is to:

administer IV fluids.

Which of the following is the smallest suture?

5-0

When a patient shows clinical signs of dyspnea and cyanosis, the technician should check for:

respiratory obstruction.

For a 20-kg dog that is 5% dehydrated, how much fluid replacement is required?

1000 mL

A vial containing 1 gram of medication has to be reconstituted to a 2.5% solution (w/v). What volume of diluent is needed and what concentration will result?

40 mL, resulting in a concentration of 25 mg/mL

In the anesthetized, healthy patient, which of the following abnormalities is most commonly encountered?

Respiratory acidosis

The standard culture medium used for bacterial sensitivity testing is:

Mueller-Hinton

The inhalant anesthetic isoflurane:

is a liquid at room temperature when stored in a sealed container

For horses under anesthesia in lateral recumbency, padding and positioning of the front legs and head is important to prevent:

neuromuscular damage.

Adequate tissue perfusion is presumed when an animal exhibits normal:

capillary refill.

Which hormone is responsible for the rupture of an ovarian follicle and the release of a mature egg from an ovary?

Luteinizing hormone

The most profound adverse effect of the opioid drugs is:

respiratory depression.

How long is the gestation period in the mare?

326 - 354 days

Inanimate objects contaminated with pathogens are referred to as:

fomites

Which of the following parasites requires an intermediate host in order to complete the life cycle?

Heartworm

Basophilic stippling of RBCs is a characteristic finding in:

lead poisoning in dogs.

An effective drug for treating anaphylaxis is:

epinephrine

If a horse is given 825 mL of a 10% solution of guaifenesin, the amount in grams of guaifenesin given is:

82.5 g

Which of the following does not increase radiographic density?

Increased distance from target

Anemia due to the lack of iron and chronic blood loss are classified as:

microcytic, hypochromic.

Bordetella vaccine is given to dogs to prevent:

tracheobronchitis.

Which type of suture material is more likely to "wick" fluid along it and therefore, should not be used in a contaminated environment?

Braided polyglactin 910

A palpebral reflex is checked at the:

eyelid

Which of the following is the most likely complication of endotracheal tube cuff overinflation during lengthy anesthesia?

Tissue necrosis

What is the advantage of using a narcotic as a premedication?

Increased analgesia

In cattle, an increase in fibrinogen relative to the other plasma proteins is most likely to be due to:

inflammation

When skeletal muscles are not being used, or when they lose their nerve supply, they tend to:

atrophy

In radiographic terminology, to which of the following does the term density refer?

The degree of blackness of the radiograph

Butorphanol tartrate has been prescribed for a Pomeranian with a collapsed trachea. The client should be cautioned that a common side effect of this drug is:

sedation

The primary function of the segmented neutrophil is:

the phagocytosis of small particles.

The contrast media that are most used in veterinary radiography are iodine, barium sulfate, and:

air

Cells that line the thoracic, pericardial, and abdominal cavities are known as:

mesothelial cells.

Constant Rate Infusion (CRI) of an analgesic:

avoids peaks and valleys normally seen with a bolus injection.

Which of the following instruments is used for removing subgingival plaque?

Curette

A correct statement about vaccines is that they contain:

antigens

Which of the following is the common name of the first upper premolar tooth in the horse?

Wolf

A rising antibody titer in paired serum samples taken 2 weeks apart indicates a:

recent infection.

Which of the following is the correct dental formula for an 8-week-old kitten?

2 (I 3/3, C 1/1, P 3/2) = 26

Which surface of the tooth meets the opposite tooth during mastication?

Occlusal

How many grams of sodium chloride should be dissolved in 1.5 L of water to make a 12% solution?

180 g

Which of the following forceps do veterinary surgeons most often use to aid in suturing?

Adson

Which of the following is an analgesic drug commonly administered via a transdermal patch?

Fentanyl

The term that is used to describe the removal of the dorsal, bony roof of the spinal canal is:

laminectomy

Onychectomy is correctly defined as the surgical removal of:

claws

A decrease in RBC size observed during a CBC should be noted as:

microcytosis

Hypocalcemia is commonly seen in:

lactating animals.

The lingual surface of the tooth is closest to the:

tongue

For a midline ovariohysterectomy, the patient is positioned in which type of recumbency?

Dorsal

All of the following drug groups produce analgesia except:

phenothiazines

When the veterinarian orders radiographs to investigate a suspected fracture of the left olecranon in a canine patient, the technician should radiograph the left:

elbow

During surgery, an atraumatic method of hemostasis is:

blotting with gauze sponges.

After parturition, a cow may become partially or totally paralyzed with which of the following types of paralysis?

Obturator

After Gram staining, any bacterium that looks reddish-pink under the microscope is:

Gram-negative.

The primary reason that vasoconstrictors are added to local anesthetics is to:

increase the duration of action.

Which type of immunoassay typically results in the visible clumping of particles?

Agglutination test

Overinflation of an endotracheal tube cuff in the trachea of an anesthetized animal may result in:

pressure necrosis.

In an anesthetized animal, pale-gray mucous membranes are indicative of:

poor tissue perfusion.

A radiograph that has been overexposed is:

too dark.

Lipase is a pancreatic enzyme that:

degrades fat.

The neutrophilic segmented cell belongs to the:

monocytic series.

Which of the following diseases is caused by protozoa?

Trichomoniasis

Metoclopramide belongs to which class of drugs?

Antiemetic

Which of the following is a common side effect of glucocorticoid usage?

Polyuria

Cattle are commonly vaccinated against which of the following zoonotic diseases, which can be spread by the urine of deer and rats?

Leptospirosis