Anatonmy 1 Back

Trapezius origin

Medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line, External occipital protuberance (EOP), Nuchal ligament, SP’s of C7-T12

Trapezius Innervation

Spinal accessory nerve; Motor - accessory nerve (CN XI). Pain and proprioception - C3 and C4 spinal nerves.

Trapezius Action

Descending part: elevates the scapula

Middle part: retracts the scapula

Ascending part: depresses the scapula

Latissimus Dorsi origin

SP’s of T7-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inferior 3 or 4 ribs.

Latissimus Dorsi Innervation

Thoracodorsal nerve (c6, C7, c8)

Latissimus Dorsi Insertion

Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus. (Located on anterior side of humerus)

Action of Latissimus Dorsi

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus. (Handcuff position)

Triangle of auscultation boundaries

Latissimus Dorsi, Trapezius, Rhomboid Major

Trapezius Insertion

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Name the superficial back muscles

Trapezius, Latissimus Dorsi, Rhomboid Major, Rhomboid Minor, Levator Scapulae.

What is the hole in the temporal bone called

External Acoustic Meatus

Flat part of any bone

Fossa

Osteology

The study of bones

How many pairs of ribs?

12 pairs

What is the high point of the shoulder

Acromion

Levator Scapulae Origin

Posterior tubercles of transverse processes C1-C4

Levator Scapulae Innervation

Dorsal Scapular nerve (C5)

Levator Scapulae Insertion

Medial border of scapula (superior to root of scapular spine)

Action of Levator Scapulae

Elevates scapula, rotates glenoid cavity inferiorly

Rhomboid Minor origin

Nuchal ligament, SP’s C7-T1

Rhomboid Minor Insertion

medial border of scapula (medial end of scapular spine)

Rhomboid Minor Innervation

Dorsal scapular nerve (c4, C5)

Action of Rhomboid Minor

retracts scapula, rotates glenoid cavity, fix scapula to thoracic wall

Rhomboid major origin

SP’s T2-T5

Rhomboid Major Innervation

Dorsal scapular nerve (c4,C5)

Rhomboid Major Insertion

medial border of scapular spine to inferior angle

Action of rhomboid major

Retracts scapula, rotates glenoid cavity inferiorly, fix scapula to thoracic wall

Lines of occipital bone superior to inferior

Highest nuchal line

Superior nuchal line

Inferior nuchal line

Serrated Posterior Superior Origin

Nuchal Ligament, SP’s of C7-T2 or T3

Serratus Posterior Superior Insertion

Superior border of external surfaces of ribs 2-5

Serratus Posterior superior innervation

2nd - 5th intercostal nerves

Serratus Posterior Superior Action

Elevates ribs / proprioception?

Serratus Posterior Inferior Origin

SP’s of T11 - L2 or L3

Serratus Posterior Inferior Insertion

Inferior border of ribs 9 - 12 (lateral to their angles)

Serratus Posterior Inferior Action

Depresses lower ribs / proprioception?

Serratus posterior inferior innervation

9th - 11th intercostal nerves and the subcostal (t12) nerves

Splenius Capitis Origin

Inferior ½ of nuchal ligament, SP’s of C7 and T1 - T3

Splenius Capitis Insertion

Mastoid Process

Splenius capitis Innervation

Dorsal Rami

Splenius Capitis Action

Unilaterally: Rotation of the head and neck

Bilaterally: Extension of the head and neck

Splenius Cervicis Origin

SP’s of T4 - T6

Splenius Cervicis Insertion

Posterior tubercles of TP’s of C1, C2, and sometimes C3

Splenius Cervicis Innervation

Dorsal rami

Splenius Cervicis Action

Unilaterally: later flexion and slight rotation of the head

Bilaterally: extends head

What muscles make up the erector spinae group from lateral to medial

Illiocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis

Illiocostalis cervicis Inferior attachments

Ribs 3 - 6 @ angles

Illiocostalis Cervicis superior attachment

Posterior tubercles of TP’s of C4 - C6