ENGR102 Chapter 1 Flashcards - (Python & Computer Basics)

A set of fill-in-the-blank flashcards based on the lecture notes (50 total).

A script is a program whose instructions are executed by another program called an __.

interpreter

Interpreted execution is slower because it requires multiple __ instructions to execute one script instruction.

interpreter instructions

Guido van Rossum began creating a scripting language called __.

Python

Python was derived from an existing language called __.

ABC

The name Python came from the TV show __.

Monty Python's Flying Circus

Python 1.0 was released in __.

1994

Python 2.0 introduced automatic memory management (garbage collection) and features from __.

Haskell

Python 2 officially reached 'end-of-life' in __.

2020

Python 3.0 was released in __.

2008

Python 3.x versions have become widely used as new projects adopted the version; the statement is __.

True

A January 2023 survey found Python (16.36%) is the most popular language, about __%.

16.36%

Python was first implemented in __.

1994

The statement 'Python is a high-level language that excels at creating exceptionally fast- executing programs' is __.

False

The claim that Python code is more difficult to read than code in most other programming languages is __.

True

Python is an __ language with a large community.

open-source

The Python interactive interpreter displays a prompt of __.

>

The names wage, hours, weeks, and salary are __.

variables

A new variable is created by performing an assignment using the __ symbol.

=

The function that displays values in Python is __.

print()

Comments in Python start with the __ symbol.

#

IDE stands for __.

Integrated Development Environment

Common IDE features include __ highlighting.

syntax

To use the random number module, you write __.

import random

random.randrange(10) returns an integer between 0 and __ (exclusive).

10

random.randint(min, max) returns a random integer between min and max __.

inclusive

Programmers can set a specific sequence of random numbers using random __.

seed

Moore's Law predicts IC capacity doubles roughly every __ months.

18

The first single-IC processor named the __ was produced by Intel in 1971.

4004

By 2012, a single IC had several __ transistors.

billion

RAM is __, losing its contents when powered off.

volatile

SSDs are non-volatile storage; HDDs use spinning magnetic disks. SSD storage is __.

non-volatile

A byte is 8 __.

bits

BIOS stands for __.

Basic Input/Output System

A computer is basically a __ interacting with memory.

processor

When powered on, the processor typically starts executing at memory location __.

0

A processor may contain a small amount of RAM on its own chip called __.

cache

A processor's speed is measured by its __.

clock

The images show transistors were integrated onto a single chip called an __.

integrated circuit

The first single-IC processor 4004 had about __ transistors.

2300

Moore's Law predicts doubling has varied from about __ months.

18

Machine instructions are stored as __.

0s and 1s

An __ translates high-level language instructions into machine instructions.

assembler

Originally, the term computer referred to a person who performed computations by __.

hand

CPUs stands for __.

Central Processing Unit(s)

A computer's RAM and storage distinctions include RAM being volatile and storage like SSDs being __.

non-volatile

The prefix 'micro-' in microprocessor means __.

small

An IDE typically includes a built-in __ for user input and program output.

console

CLI stands for __.

Command-line interface

The command 'ls -a' contains a __ argument after the program name.

command-line

The random module’s function random() returns a random floating-point number in the range __.

0 (inclusive) to 1 (exclusive)

Python's syntax highlighting helps identify errors by showing different code elements in __ colors.

different

A line starting with '#' is considered a __ in Python.

comment

The math module in Python provides functions for various operations like __, sin, cos, and log.

sqrt

The symbol '*' is used in Python for __.

multiplication

The Python print() function is used to display __ or expressions.

values

An interactive Python session is started by running the __ interpreter.

Python

A statement in Python is a program __.

instruction

In Python, a variable is created by an __ using the '=' symbol.

assignment

The modulus operator is represented by the symbol __.

%

The floor division operator in Python is represented by '//' and rounds down to the __ integer.

closest smaller

The standard arithmetic operators include +, -, *, /, //, and __.

%

random.randrange(a, b) returns an integer in the range __.

a to b-1

The legacy term for a program that translates high-level language into machine code is a __.

compiler

The term 'software' distinguishes programs from the __ on which they run.

hardware

A Python file containing code is typically named with the extension __.

.py

The 'print' statement in Python 2.x was replaced by the __ function in Python 3.x.

print()

The process of invoking a function is called a __ in programming.

function call

The symbol 'def' in Python is used to define a __.

function

In Python, a string literal is enclosed in __ quotes or double quotes.

single

The 'import' statement is used to access a __ from another module.

module

The 'seed' function in the random module sets the sequence of __ numbers.

pseudo-random

A 'bit' can have the value of 0 or __.

1

The 'OS' in computing stands for __ System.

Operating

The primary purpose of the BIOS is to initialize hardware and boot the __.

computer

A keyboard and mouse are examples of __ devices.

input/output

A 'prompt' like '>>>' indicates the interpreter is ready for __ input.

user

The 'range' of a Python expression can be extended using the '__' function for iteration.

range

The 'print' function can display multiple items separated by __.

commas

A 'variable' is a named reference to a value stored by the __.

interpreter

In programming, 'assignment' stores a new value in a __.

variable