Topic 1 -- Study Notes (Human Factors and Ergonomics)

From StudyNotes

Healthy Workforce

Healthy Workforce

________: Instead of workers adjusting to standard tools and equipment, ergonomics promotes product designing based on human body structure and requirements.

Full scale manikins

________ are generally more expensive than ergonomes and they give a better representation of the overall ergonomics in the design context (such as crash test dummies)

Unpleasant odors

are added to chemicals to warn people.

Childrens car seats

are adjustable to allow for a range of sizes and a growing child.

Organizational ergonomics

________ subjects include communication, work design, shift (work hours) management, crew resource management, teamwork, virtual organizations, telework, and quality management.

ratio scale

A(n) ________ allows you to compare differences between numbers.

ergonomic workstations

Savings: By using ergonomic workstations employers save huge amounts of money otherwise spent on compensation claims, treatments and litigation.

Dynamic

Dynamic data involves people carrying out tasks.

rarity

Value: May be perceived as a function of cost, features, prestige, ________ etc.

Clearance

________ can be seen as the minimum distance required to, enable the user group into or through an area.

Slips

________ result from automatic behaviour, when subconscious actions that are intended to satisfy our goals get waylaid en route.

Ergonomes

________ are used with drawings of the same scale as the model to consider the relationship between the size of an object and people.

Smell

________: important in food, perfumes, candles, deodorants, chemicals.

Temperature

________: Clothing is an important part of a comfortable work environment but the.

Alertness

________ is the key term and means being aware of what is happening in the vicinity, in order to understand how information, events, and one's own actions will impact goals and objectives, both immediately and in the near future.

Fatigue

________ can inform design decisions and can affect users.

Comfort

________ is a physiological factors that inform design decisions and can affect users.

manikin

A(n) ________ is an anatomical 3D model of the human body.

Texture

________: shapes and ________ improve products and make them easier to use, for example bottle tops, handles fabrics and non- slip floors, smooth worktops in kitchen.

Static data

________ is much easier to gather, as people are asked to remain still while measurements are taken.

Cognitive ergonomics

________ is concerned with mental processes, such as perception, memory, reasoning, and motor response, as they affect interactions among humans and other elements of a system.

Human error

________ come in several forms but two fundamental categories are slips and mistakes.

Workspace envelopes

________ should be designed for the 5th percentile of the user population, which means that 95 % of users will be able to reach everything placed within the envelope.

Cognitive ergonomics

________ is concerned with mental processes, such as perception, memory, reasoning, and motor response, as they affect interactions among humans and other elements of a system.

Taste

________: important in food, it must have a good taste to sell well.

scale

The ________ does not provide any measurement within or between the categories.

Dynamic Data

________ (also known as Functional data) refers to measurements taken during physical activities, e.g.

Physical ergonomics

________ most often deals with the work related subjects of: posture; worksite development operating layout; material handling; repetitive stress and movement; repetitive stress injuries and musculoskeletal disorders; and occupational safety and health.

Human information processing systems

________, considering inputs, processes (sensory, central and motor) and outputs.

Percentiles

________ are shown in anthropometry tables and they tell you whether the measurement given in the tables relates to the "average "person, or someone who is above or below average in a certain dimension.

application of scientific information

The ________ concerning the relationship of human beings to the design of objects, systems and environments.

Fatigue

________ can be physical and /or mental.

Comfort

________: is a qualitative consideration and differs massively between different people.

Static Data

________ (also known as Structural data) refers to measurements taken while while the subject is in a fixed or standard position, e.g.

workspace envelope

A "________ "is a 3- dimensional space within which you carry out physical work activities when you are at a fixed location.

Fatigue

________ is the temporary diminishment of performance.