SEA ARCHITECTURE

MYANMAR

also known as burma, architecture is made up of a variety of building that show the historical effect of modernization and the bordering countries

EARLY INDIAN HISTORY (PYU)

stupad with four toranas and a cylindrical shape, frequently with an hti on top, were preferred in pyu architecture

BAGAN PERIOD (PAGAN)

king anawratha, who united the irrawaddy valley and surrounding areas as a state for the first time, ruled a kingdom founded by the babar people after the middle of the seventh century.

PAGODA (STUPA)

these solid structures cannot be entered and are said to contain sacred buddhist relics that are hidden from view in containers buried at their core or in the walls

TEMPLES

open central sanctuary, solid core ringed by a corridor

CHINTHE

mythological creatures that look like lions guarding the temple

NAGA SERPENTS

often guard the stairways to the entrance of temple

PYATTHAT MULTI TIERED ROOF

a heavily ornamented burmese style multi-tiered roof, each tier decreasing in size towards the top

HTI FINIAL

burmese style finial in the shape of a multi-tiered umbrella

MONSTERIES

single, enclosed, two-storey brick building and multi-cell monasteries

BURMESE HOUSES

raised on four posts and has a concrete base

CAMBODIA

lies at the fertile plains of the mekong river, and is bounded by the north laos and thailand

FUNAN KINGDOM

organized life in support of the royal court; contacts with india and china

CHENLA KINGDOM; PRASAT

small solitary temples, rectangular in plain, constructed in bricks, dominant horizontal lines

KHMER EMPIRE

characterized by grandeur of conception, brilliant landscaping, unsurpassed town planning in a formal sense, and sculptural decoration on a grand scale

ANGKOR WAT

temple city of suryavarman II, it is the largest integrated complex architecture and sculpture ever built

ANGKOR THOM

remodelled capital of jayavarman II, square in plan, surrounded by walls and moats

THAILAND

tropical climate with 2 season; dry and rainy

DVARAVATI KINGDOM

brick and stone construction; granite-based pillars and was largely buddhist although nothing remains of the structure

MON KHMER PERIOD

khmers annexed dvaravati and introduced the use of stone in place of traditional bricks

SUKHOTHAI PERIOD

principal architecture form is a tall, taping stupa set amind monastic structure

EMERGENCE OF WAT

buddhist remple complex that is the center of thai villages

WAT PHRA SRI SARAPET

most complete and impressive temple complex

BANGKOK STYLE

many religious buildings and palaces were erected in traditional forms and examples are throne room, royal palace at bangkok

TRADITIONAL THAI HOUSE

reflects the tropical location of the country

BOT

corresponds to the indian temple hall

PHRA CHEDI / PHRA CHEDI

most venerated religious structures for buddhist

PHRA SAT

direct descendant of the greek cross planned khmer temples of a square sanctuary with its high pointed domical roof and the four porch like antechambers

MONDOP

serves to enshrines a holy object or a library or a storeroom for objects used in religious ceremonies

SALA

small pavilion used for resting, usually rectangular in plan and have wide eaves

KUTI' monastery formed by a series of small rooms

WAT PHO- temple of the reclining buddha

WAT PHRA

remole of the emerald Buddha

VIETNAM

the process of development of this country's ancient architecture is related to the natural environment and socio-economic situation.

LY DYNASTY

generally has five styles

TRAN DYNASTY

dominant architecture models were royal palace,pagoda, house, temple and citadel

PHO MINH PAGODA

an outstanding example of the architectural style of the tran dynasty

NGUYEN DYNASTY

hue city became the capital under nguyen dynasty si the development in the north was slowed down.

INDEPENDENCE PALACE

is a unique architectural creation by the architect ngo viet thu. construction began in 1962 and was completed in 1996.

PRESIDENTIAL PALACE

constructed in 1906 by the french government, the mansion is a relic of vietnam's colonial past.

INDONESIA

an archipelago made up kf 13,000 islands stretching 3,200 miles of water warm, humid climate, not much rain or heat; wet and dry season only

HINDUISM and buddhism

this religion-based style was born out of the influence of both hindu and buddhism during the indianized period of ind

SRIVIJAYA DYNASTY

buddhist dynasty at jaca; contemporary of srivijaya dynasty

MAJAPAHIT DYNASTY

renaissance of javanese art and architecture

COLONIAL RULE

portuguese, british, dutch

TRADITIONAL INDONESIAN HOUSE

each Indonesian subculture has its own distinct form of traditional vernacular jnown as rumah adat.

LONG HOUSE

traditional dwelling, which is generally raised on stilts, often sheltering an entire clan

VIMANA

square shrine crowned by many storets pyramidal roof with a mantofa

GOPURAM

gate pyramid

BOROBUDUR

most outstanding buddhist monument in asia and architectural masterpiece of the sailendra dynasty

SHIVA TEMPLE OF LORO DJONGRANG AT PRAMBANAN

main feature of the shrine complex at prambanan and fine sculpture including a gallery containing 42 bas reliefs illustrating the ramayana epic

MALAYSIA

from many of the early independent stats, which were established in many parts of the sout-east asian region, only a few expanded their territory and were transformed into larger states

LANGKASUKA KINGDOM

founded at the end of the first century Ad In the region of what was later called patani.

SRI VIJAYA

convenient staging port for ships from the west to catch the south-west monsoon for china and focus for the indian religion

EMPIRE OF MAJAPAHIT

a powerful hindu-buddhist kingdom that existed in southeast asian from the 13th to 16th century founded by raden wijaya

MALAY KAMPUNG HOUSE

rumah-kampung were constructed by the indigenous ethnic Malay people in Sumatra, Borneo, and the Malay peninsula.

RUMAH BUMBUNG PANJANG

house with long roofs, can be considered one of the original iterations of the malay house.

RUMAH NEGERI SEMBILAN

considered one of the more unique designs for malay houses. the main features of this malay house type is the curved shape of the roof design which bears a strong resemblance to the rumah minangkabau.

RUMA LIMA

palembang, south sumatra is a home to a traditional house style called rumah bari. It is present in baturaja as well.

RUMAH KUTAI

style of malay house is mostly found in perak, specifically near kuala kangsar where the royal family was located.

PRE-WAR SHOPHOUSES

built from the 19th-20th century, shop houses were built for shared use of space with commercial business occupying the ground floor while multi-generational living spaces on the upper floors.

BATU CAVES

Malaysia’s best-known shrines and sees millions of visitors and devotees each year.

MASJID NEGARA

national mosque, is the epitome of Malaysia’s islamic heritage and unity.

ST. GEORGE CHURCH

located in the unesco world heritage site of george town, penang, is southeast asia’s oldest anglican church.

KEK LOK SI TEMPLE

largest buddhist temple in malaysia, located in air itam, penang, and is a masterpiece of religious architecture

SRI MAHAMARIAMMAN TEMPLE

is the oldest hindu temple in malaysia, nestled in the heart of chinatown, kuala lumpur.

SINGAPORE

vernacular malay homes, local hybrid shophouses, and black-and-white bungalows are examples of this country's traditional architecture.

KONG SENG ROAD SHOPHOUSES

iconic shophouses along koon seng road are feature of the joo chiat and katong districts. these heritage gems were built in the 1920s and were once home to the peranakan chinese.

ART DECO AND NEW CLASSICAL

one can find numerous influences in singapore based on the sociocultural abd historic background

BRUTALIST

evolved in the 1970s in singapore, majorly in commercial and public buildings.

FUTURISTIC STYLE

style of the 20th and 21st century with a ting of sustainability aspect leads to the evolution

BIOPHILIC STYLE

style of buildings in singapore has helped a connection between humans and nature to a larger extent

BRUNEI

introduction of islam was the only significant shift in the architectural styles over time.

OMAR ALI SAIFUDDIEN MOSQUE

located in bandar seri begawan that was built in 1958 and names after omar ali saifuddien III, the 28th sultan of brunei.

JAME’ ASR HASSANIL BOLKIAH MOSQUE

named after sultan haji hassanl bolkiah mu’izzadin waddaulah the 29th sultan of brunei.

ISTANA NURUL IMAN

palace of the light of faith, is the official residence of his majesty sultan haji hassanal bolkiah it is known to be the world's biggest residential palace of any type

KAMPONG AYER

water village is a cluster of houses on stilts over the brunei river with wood as its main foundation and material