30.2 - Totalitarianism

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Last updated 1:10 AM on 6/2/26
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6 Terms

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Totalitarianism

A government that takes total, centralized, state control over every aspect of public and private life

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Traits of Totalitarianism

  • Police Terror: used to force obedience, crush opposition, and enforce the central government’s policies

  • Indoctrination: instruction in the government’s beliefs used to mold people — control of education is used to glorify the leader and convince citizens to be loyal

  • Propaganda and Censorship: totalitarian states spread propaganda, biased information used to convince people to accept certain beliefs or actions, and control the media

  • Religious or Ethnic Persecution: totalitarian leaders often create “enemies of the state” to blame for the country’s problems, which are usually members of religious or ethnic groups, and are subjected to terror and violence


<ul><li><p><strong>Police Terror:</strong> used to force obedience, crush opposition, and enforce the central government’s policies</p></li><li><p><strong>Indoctrination:</strong> instruction in the government’s beliefs used to mold people — control of education is used to glorify the leader and convince citizens to be loyal </p></li><li><p><strong>Propaganda and Censorship:</strong> totalitarian states spread propaganda, biased information used to convince people to accept certain beliefs or actions, and control the media</p></li><li><p><strong>Religious or Ethnic Persecution:</strong> totalitarian leaders often create “enemies of the state” to blame for the country’s problems, which are usually members of religious or ethnic groups, and are subjected to terror and violence</p></li></ul><p></p>
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The Great Purge

  • Stalin created a secret police state to maintain his power and destroy his enemies (real and imagined)

  • Stalin turned against members of the Communist Party and launched the Great Purge against them, which was a campaign of terror directed at eliminating anyone who threatened his power — by the end, Stalin was in full control of the Soviet government and the Communist Party


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Command Economy

Stalin’s plans for the economy called for this system, in which the government makes all the economic decisions — political leaders identify the country’s economic needs and determine how to fulfill them

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Stalin’s Five-Year Plans

  • Made by Stalin for the development of the Soviet Union’s economy

  • Set impossibly high quotas to increase the output of steel, coal, oil, and electricity

  • The government limited production of consumer goods — people faced shortages of housing, food, clothing, and other necessary goods

  • Success: produced impressive economic results, and the Soviets made substantial gains


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Collective Farms & Kulaks

  • The government began to seize privately owned farms in the USSR and combine them into large, government-owned farms

  • Many people worked on these farms, producing food for the state — were intended to boost food production through efficient machinery

  • Kulaks: wealthy peasants who resisted these changes and the government’s attempt to take their land — many destroyed livestock and crops in protest, and then were killed by the secret police