C++ Data Types: A Beginners Guide

Vocabulary flashcards covering C++ data types, input, string escaping, and operators from the notes.

Data type

A category that defines what kind of information a variable can store and how much memory it uses.

int

Numeric data type for whole numbers without decimals (e.g., 10, 25, 1000).

float

Numeric data type for floating point numbers with decimals, approximately 6 to 7 digits of precision.

double

Numeric data type with higher precision than float, around 15 decimal digits.

bool

Boolean data type representing true or false values used in logical conditions.

char

Data type storing a single character, enclosed in single quotes.

string

Sequence of characters representing text, enclosed in double quotes.

getline

Function to read an entire line of text from standard input into a string.

escape character

Backslash based sequence to encode special characters inside strings.

backslash

The escape character used to introduce escape sequences.

single quote

Delimiter used to denote a single character value in char literals.

double quote

Delimiter used to denote string literals.

newline escape

Escape sequence that inserts a new line in a string.

tab escape

Escape sequence that inserts a horizontal tab in a string.

Operator

Symbol that performs operations on variables and values in code.

Arithmetic operator

Operator that performs arithmetic like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulus.

Addition

Operator + that adds two operands.

Subtraction

Operator - that subtracts the second operand from the first.

Multiplication

Operator * that multiplies two operands.

Division

Operator / that divides the first operand by the second.

Modulus

Operator % that returns the remainder of a division.

Increment

Operator ++ that increases a variable by 1.

Decrement

Operator -- that decreases a variable by 1.

Comparison operator

Operators used to compare two values such as equal, not equal, greater, less and their variants.

Equal to

Operator == that tests if two values are equal.

Not equal to

Operator != that tests if two values are not equal.

Greater than

Operator > that checks if the first value is larger than the second.

Less than

Operator < that checks if the first value is smaller than the second.

Greater than or equal to

Operator >= that checks if the first value is larger than or equal to the second.

Less than or equal to

Operator <= that checks if the first value is smaller than or equal to the second.

Boolean values

Results of comparisons are true (1) or false (0).

Logical operator

Operators that combine boolean expressions to form complex conditions.

Logical AND

Operator && that returns true only when both operands are true.

Logical OR

Operator || that returns true if at least one operand is true.

Logical NOT

Operator ! that negates the truth value of its operand.