Musculoskeletal System and Body Mechanics

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on the musculoskeletal system and body mechanics.

Musculoskeletal system

Includes muscles, bones, joints, tendons, cartilage, ligaments, and other connective tissue.

Skeletal muscles

Soft tissue that provides the motor power for movement and helps maintain posture.

Bones

Hard connective tissue that creates the rigid structure and shape of the human body.

Tendons

Connect muscles to bones.

Ligaments

Connect bones to other bones.

Synovial joints

Joints that allow for motion and flexibility between bones.

Body mechanics

The combined effort of the musculoskeletal system and nervous system to maintain posture, alignment, and balance.

Center of gravity

The central point of weight for an object or body, which shifts as positions change.

Ergonomics

The study of body mechanics in relation to the demands and design of the work environment.

Immobility

A lack of movement that can lead to changes in bone structure and function.

Disuse osteoporosis

Occurs when bones become thinner and weaker due to prolonged bed rest.

Joint contractures

Abnormal fixations of the joints resulting from changes in muscle and connective tissue.

Foot drop

A type of joint contracture that results in the inability to lift the toes.

Deep vein thrombosis

A condition where a blood clot develops in one or more of the deep veins.

Orthostatic hypotension

A decrease in blood pressure and dizziness that occurs when sitting or standing.

Sarcopenia

The loss of lean muscle mass, often more noticeable in older adults.