Linkage, Recombination, and Eukaryotic Gene Mapping

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts related to the topics of linkage, recombination, and genetic mapping as discussed in Chapter 7.

Linked Genes

Genes that are located close to each other on the same chromosome and tend to be inherited together.

Independent Assortment

The principle stating that alleles at one locus sort independently from alleles at another locus during gamete formation.

Recombination

The sorting of alleles into new combinations, often occurring due to crossing over during meiosis.

Crossing Over

The process where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material during meiosis, which can produce recombinant gametes.

Non-recombinant Gametes

Gametes that have not undergone recombination and are genetically identical to the parent.

Recombinant Gametes

Gametes that have undergone recombination, resulting in new combinations of alleles different from the parents.

Complete Linkage

When linked genes do not assort independently and produce only non-recombinant gametes.

Coupling (cis configuration)

An arrangement where wild-type alleles are on the same chromosome, leading to different inheritance patterns.

Repulsion (trans configuration)

An arrangement where one chromosome has a wild-type allele and a mutant allele, affecting offspring ratios.

Recombination Frequency

The proportion of recombinant offspring produced in a genetic cross, used to calculate genetic distances.

Three-Point Testcross

A mapping technique that determines the order of three linked genes by analyzing offspring from a cross.

Testcross

A cross between an individual with an unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype.

Gene Mapping

A method to determine the location of genes on a chromosome based on recombination frequency.

Physical Mapping

The process of determining the physical location of genes on chromosomes through molecular techniques.

Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH)

A technique using fluorescent probes to visualize the location of specific genes on chromosomes.

Somatic-cell Hybridization

A method to study the arrangement of genes on chromosomes by fusing human and mouse cells.

Coefficient of Coincidence

The ratio of observed double crossovers to expected double crossovers, used to analyze interference.