chapter 1 terminology

The prefix ab- means?

Away from, negative absent

The prefix dextro- means?

Right side

Name the prefix for out of, outside, away from

Ex-

The prefix macro- means what?

Large, abnormal size, long

What prefix stands for large, great.

Mega-, megalo-

The prefix pre- means what ?

Before

What prefix means toward, to , in the direction of

Ad-

What prefix means left side?

Sinistro-

What does the prefix in- stand for?

In, into, not, without

Name the prefix that means small.

Micro-

What is the name of the prefix that means scanty, few?

Oligo-

The prefix post- means what?

After, behind

What is the prefix ab- mean and what is the example given?

Ab- means away from. Abnormal - means not normal or away from normal.

What does the prefix ad- mean and given example?

Ad- means toward or in the direction of. Addiction - means begging drawn toward or having a strong dependence on a drug or substance.

What does the prefix dys- means and what is the given example?

Dys- means bad, difficult, or painful. Dysfunctional- means an organ or body part that is not working properly.

What does the prefix eu- mean and what is the given example?

Eu- means good, normal, well, or easy. Eupnea- means easy or normal breathing.

What does the prefix hyper- mean and what is the given example?

Hyper- means excessive or increased. Hypertension- is higher-than-normal blood pressure.

What does the prefix hypo- mean and what is the given example?

Hypo- means deficient or decreased. Hypotension- is lower-than-normal blood pressure.

What does the prefix inter- mean and what is the given example?

Inter- means between or among. Interstitial- means between, but not within, the parts of a tissue.

What does the prefix intra- means and what is the given example?

Intra- means within or inside. Intramuscular- means within the muscle.

What does the prefix sub- mean and what is the given example?

Sub- means under, less or below. Subcostal- means below a rib or ribs.

What does the prefix super-, Supra-, mean and what is the given example?

Super-, Supra- means above or excessive. Supracostal- means above or outside the ribs.

If it sounds like F - it may begin with what letters

F or PH flatus, phlegm

If it sounds like J - it may begin with what letters

G or J as in gingivitis or jaundice

If it sounds like K - it may begin with what letters

C - CH - K - QU as in crepitus, cheilitis, kyphosis, quadriplegia

If it sounds like S - it may begin with what letters

PS or S - as in psychologist, serum

If it sounds like Z - it may begin with what letters

X or Z - as in xeroderma or zygote

If the singular term ends in the suffix -a, the plural is usually formed by changing the ending to ______.

-ae as in -bursa is -bursae and -vertebra is -vertebrae

If the singular term ends in the suffix -ex or -ix, the plural is usually formed by changing the ending to ______.

-ices some examples are -appendix is -appendices or -index is -indices

If the singular term ends in the suffix -is, the plural is usually formed by changing the ending to ______.

-es some examples are -diagnosis is -diagnoses or -metastasis is -metastases

If the singular term ends in the suffix -itis, the plural is usually formed by changing the -is ending to ______.

-ides some examples are -arthritis is arthritides or -meningitis is meningitides

If the singular term ends in the suffix -nx, the plural is usually formed by changing the -x ending to ______.

-ges some examples are -phalanx is phalanges or -meninx is meninges

If the singular term ends in the suffix -on, the plural is usually formed by changing the ending to ______.

-a some examples are -criterion is criteria or -ganglion is ganglia

If the singular term ends in the suffix -um, the plural is usually formed by changing the ending to ______.

-a some examples are -diverticulum is diverticula or -ovum is ova

If the singular term ends in the suffix -us, the plural is usually formed by changing the ending to ______.

-i some examples are -alveolus is alveoli or -malleolus is malleoli

A sign is objective evidence of disease, such as ______.

A fever

A sign is objective, what does objective mean?

Objective means the sign can be evaluated or measured by the patient or others.

A symptom is subjective evidence of a disease, such as _____ or ______.

Pain or a headache

A symptom is subjective evidence what does subjective mean?

Subjective means that it can be evaluated or measured only by patient.

What is a syndrome?

A syndrome is a set of signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process.

What does diagnosis mean?

A diagnosis is the identification of a disease.

What does it mean to diagnose?

To diagnose is the process of reaching a diagnosis.

What is a rule out (R/O) ?

A differential diagnosis - is an attempt to determine which one of several possible disease is causing the signs and symptoms that are present.

An attempt to determine which one of several possible disease is causing the signs and symptoms that are present is called what?

A differential diagnosis

What is a prognosis?

A prognosis is a prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease.

What is an acute condition?

An acute condition has a rapid onset, a severe course, and relatively short duration.

What is a chronic condition ?

A chronic condition is of long duration. Although such diseases cab be controlled, they are rarely cured.

The temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure.

A remission

What is a disease?

A disease is a condition in which one or more body parts are not function normally. Some diseases are named for their signs and symptoms. For example, Chronic fatigue syndrome is a persistent, overwhelming fatigue of unknown origin.

Arteri/o

Arteri/o - means artery

Ather/o

Ather/o - means plaque or fatty substance.

Arthr/o

Arthr/o - means joint

-otomy

-otomy - means cutting or a surgical incision

Pyel/o

Renal pelvis

What is an abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body. May be due to surgery, injury, or the draining of an abscess.

A fistula

What is a groove or crack-like sore of the skin?

Fissure

This term also describes normal folds in the contours of the brain, what is the term?

A fissure

What is the last and longest portion of the small intestine?

Ileum

What is the suffix that means both inflammation and infection?

-itis an example is tendinitis (inflammation of the tendon) and it could also mean infection - meningitis (mening means the meninges and -itis means inflammation) in which the cause of the inflammation is an infection.

What is a localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues.

Inflammation

What are the key indicators of inflammation?

1. Erythema (redness)

2. Hyperthermia (heat)

3. Edema (swelling)

4. Pain

What is the objective that describes the specialized membranes that line the body cavities?

Mucous

What is the noun that refers to the fluid secreted by these mucus membranes?

Mucus

What is myc/o? What is mycosis?

Myc/o - means fungus.

Mycosis - describe any abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus.

What is the meaning of myel/o? What is myelopathy?

Myel/o - men’s bone marrow or spinal cord.

Myelopathy - describes any injury, regeneration, or disease in spinal cord.

What is the meaning of my/o? What is myopathy?

My/o - means muscle.

Myopathy - describe any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue.

What is an examination technique in which the examiners hands are used to feel of the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts?

Palpation

Palpitation

Is a pounding or racing heart

What is the meaning of pyel/o? What is pyelitis?

Pyel/o - means renal pelvis, which is part of the kidney.

Pyelitis - is the inflammation of the renal pelvis.

What does py/o mean? What is pyoderma?

Py/o - means pus.

Pyoderma - is any acute, inflammatory, pus forming bacteria, skin infection, such as impetigo.

What does pyr/o mean? What is pyrosis?

Pyr/o - needs fever or fire.

Pyrosis - Also known as heartburn, is discomfort due to the regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus.

What is the term that means having the nature, Properties or qualities of a male adult?

Virile

The abbreviation BE means what? There are two meanings you do not want to mix up!

Below the elbow – when describing an amputation

Barium enema - which is a x-ray examination of a large intestines, using a contrast, medium injected into the rectum.

What is the abbreviation for MS? There are two definitions.

Morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate

What is the abbreviation for QD and QOD?

Means daily and every other day, respectively; sometimes mistaken for each day

What is the abbreviation for U ?

It means unit, sometimes mistaken for 0 or 4